महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-58, verse-13

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा तु शकुनिस्तानक्षान्प्रत्यपद्यत ।
जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥१३॥

13. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktvā tu śakunistānakṣānpratyapadyata ,
jitamityeva śakuniryudhiṣṭhiramabhāṣata.

13. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | evam uktvā tu śakuniḥ tān akṣān prati
apadyata | jitam iti eva śakuniḥ yudhiṣṭhiram abhāṣata

13. Vaiśampāyana said: 'Having spoken thus, Shakuni then accepted those dice. Shakuni then said to Yudhiṣṭhira, "It is won!"'

13. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, לאחר שאמר זאת שַׁקוּנִי הרים את הקוביות, ואמר ליוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה, ניצחתי.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover, then

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

• तान् (tān) - Referring to the dice. (those)

• अक्षान् (akṣān) - dice

• प्रति (prati) - Upasarga for the verb 'apadyata'. (towards, against, in respect of)

• अपद्यत (apadyata) - accepted, took up (the dice) (went, obtained, accepted)

• जितम् (jitam) - 'It is won!' (referring to the dice game) (won, conquered)

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Perfect tense

Perfect active 3rd person singular of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover, then

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the previous action to the next one, indicating sequence.

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of a king, brother of Gāndhārī)

तान् (tān) - Referring to the dice. (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अक्षान् (akṣān) - dice

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of akṣa

akṣa - dice, axle, eye, seed

Note: In the context of gambling, it specifically means dice.

प्रति (prati) - Upasarga for the verb 'apadyata'. (towards, against, in respect of)

(indeclinable)

अपद्यत (apadyata) - accepted, took up (the dice) (went, obtained, accepted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of √pad

Imperfect tense

Imperfect middle 3rd person singular of √pad (with prefix prati)

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

जितम् (jitam) - 'It is won!' (referring to the dice game) (won, conquered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jita

jita - won, conquered, subdued

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally, 'it is won'.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a quotation or statement.

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of a king, brother of Gāndhārī)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava)

Note: Object of the verb 'abhāṣata'.

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of √bhāṣ

Imperfect tense

Imperfect middle 3rd person singular of √bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

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