महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-58, verse-17

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
अधर्मं चरसे नूनं यो नावेक्षसि वै नयम् ।
यो नः सुमनसां मूढ विभेदं कर्तुमिच्छसि ॥१७॥

17. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
adharmaṁ carase nūnaṁ yo nāvekṣasi vai nayam ,
yo naḥ sumanasāṁ mūḍha vibhedaṁ kartumicchasi.

17. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca adharmam carase nūnam yaḥ na avekṣasi
vai nayam yaḥ naḥ sumanasām mūḍha vibhedam kartum icchasi

17. Yudhishthira said: "You are certainly acting unrighteously (adharma), for you show no regard for proper policy (naya). You, foolish one, wish to cause a rift among us, who are well-disposed."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (Yudhishthira)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness (adharma) in the context of the dice game (unrighteousness, injustice, immorality)

• चरसे (carase) - you are practicing/behaving (unrighteously) (you practice, you behave, you move)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed, certainly, surely

• यः (yaḥ) - you who (who, which)

• न (na) - not, no

• अवेक्षसि (avekṣasi) - you regard (proper policy) (you observe, you regard, you look at)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

• नयम् (nayam) - proper conduct or policy (policy, conduct, guidance, justice)

• यः (yaḥ) - you who (who, which)

• नः (naḥ) - among us (us, our, to us)

• सुमनसाम् (sumanasām) - of us who are well-disposed (of good mind, of good will, well-disposed)

• मूढ (mūḍha) - O foolish one (foolish, stupid, bewildered)

• विभेदम् (vibhedam) - a rift (among us) (separation, division, difference, rift)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to cause (to do, to make, to perform)

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, Yudhishthira (proper name)

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac (2nd class), perfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Strong form (uvāca) of the root.

Root: vac (class 2)

अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness (adharma) in the context of the dice game (unrighteousness, injustice, immorality)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, absence of natural law (dharma)

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of dharma.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

चरसे (carase) - you are practicing/behaving (unrighteously) (you practice, you behave, you move)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of car

Present Middle

Root car (1st class), present tense, 2nd person singular, ātmanepada.

Root: car (class 1)

नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - you who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवेक्षसि (avekṣasi) - you regard (proper policy) (you observe, you regard, you look at)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of īkṣ

Present Active

Root īkṣ (1st class), present tense, 2nd person singular, parasmaipada, with upasarga ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The root īkṣ is often ātmanepada, but parasmaipada forms also exist.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

नयम् (nayam) - proper conduct or policy (policy, conduct, guidance, justice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naya

naya - policy, conduct, guidance, wisdom, justice

Derived from root nī (to lead).

Root: nī (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - you who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

नः (naḥ) - among us (us, our, to us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form for accusative, dative, or genitive plural.

सुमनसाम् (sumanasām) - of us who are well-disposed (of good mind, of good will, well-disposed)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sumanas

sumanas - well-disposed, benevolent, cheerful, of good mind

Compound of su- (good) and manas (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+manas)

• su – good, well, easily
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'naḥ' (us).

मूढ (mūḍha) - O foolish one (foolish, stupid, bewildered)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, stupid, bewildered, infatuated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root muh (to be bewildered, confused) with suffix -ta.

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Used substantively as a noun in vocative.

विभेदम् (vibhedam) - a rift (among us) (separation, division, difference, rift)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibheda

vibheda - separation, division, distinction, rift

Derived from root bhid (to break) with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: bhid (class 7)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to cause (to do, to make, to perform)

(verb)

infinitive of kṛ

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root kṛ (8th class), with suffix -tum.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a verbal noun.

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active

Root iṣ (6th class), present tense, 2nd person singular, parasmaipada. Root vowel changes to 'cch' in present stem.

Root: iṣ (class 6)