महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-58, verse-19

स्वप्ने न तानि पश्यन्ति जाग्रतो वा युधिष्ठिर ।
कितवा यानि दीव्यन्तः प्रलपन्त्युत्कटा इव ॥१९॥

19. svapne na tāni paśyanti jāgrato vā yudhiṣṭhira ,
kitavā yāni dīvyantaḥ pralapantyutkaṭā iva.

19. svapne na tāni paśyanti jāgrataḥ vā yudhiṣṭhira
kitavā yāni dīvyantaḥ pralapanti utkaṭā iva

19. O Yudhishthira, they do not see those things in a dream, nor even while awake, which gamblers, while playing, rave about as if overwhelmed.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream

• न (na) - not, no

• तानि (tāni) - those things (that gamblers rave about) (those, them)

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they perceive

• जाग्रतः (jāgrataḥ) - in the state of wakefulness (of one who is awake, while awake)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (O Yudhishthira)

• कितवा (kitavā) - gamblers, cheaters

• यानि (yāni) - which things (which, what)

• दीव्यन्तः (dīvyantaḥ) - while gambling (gambling, playing)

• प्रलपन्ति (pralapanti) - they rave (in a delirious state) (they lament, they chatter, they rave)

• उत्कटा (utkaṭā) - extremely agitated/overwhelmed (by the gambling frenzy) (intense, overwhelmed, excessive, strong)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - sleep, dream

Root: svap (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तानि (tāni) - those things (that gamblers rave about) (those, them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Can be nominative or accusative plural neuter.

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they perceive

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Active

Root dṛś (1st class), present tense, 3rd person plural, parasmaipada. Stem changes to paśya-.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

जाग्रतः (jāgrataḥ) - in the state of wakefulness (of one who is awake, while awake)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāgrat

jāgrat - awake, watchful

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jāgṛ (2nd class) with suffix -śatṛ.

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially here, meaning 'while awake'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (O Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, Yudhishthira (proper name)

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective
  Root: sthā (class 1)

कितवा (kitavā) - gamblers, cheaters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kitava

kitava - gambler, cheat, rogue

यानि (yāni) - which things (which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Can be nominative or accusative plural neuter.

दीव्यन्तः (dīvyantaḥ) - while gambling (gambling, playing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīvyat

dīvyat - playing, gambling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root div (4th class) with suffix -śatṛ.

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'kitavā' (gamblers).

प्रलपन्ति (pralapanti) - they rave (in a delirious state) (they lament, they chatter, they rave)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pralap

Present Active

Root lap (1st class), present tense, 3rd person plural, parasmaipada, with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: lap (class 1)

उत्कटा (utkaṭā) - extremely agitated/overwhelmed (by the gambling frenzy) (intense, overwhelmed, excessive, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of utkaṭa

utkaṭa - excessive, intense, violent, arrogant, overwhelmed

Compound of prefix ut- and adjective kaṭa.

Note: Agrees with 'kitavā' (gamblers).

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)