महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-58, verse-20

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
यो नः संख्ये नौरिव पारनेता जेता रिपूणां राजपुत्रस्तरस्वी ।
अनर्हता लोकवीरेण तेन दीव्याम्यहं शकुने फल्गुनेन ॥२०॥

20. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
yo naḥ saṁkhye nauriva pāranetā; jetā ripūṇāṁ rājaputrastarasvī ,
anarhatā lokavīreṇa tena; dīvyāmyahaṁ śakune phalgunena.

20. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca yaḥ naḥ saṃkhye
nauḥ iva pāranetā jetā ripūṇām
rājaputraḥ tarasvī anarhatā lokavīreṇa
tena dīvyāmi aham śakune phalgunena

20. Yudhiṣṭhira said: O Śakuni, I gamble with Arjuna (Phalguna), that heroic warrior of the world who is undeserving of such a fate. He is the one who, in battle, is like a boat for us, leading us across, the conqueror of foes, the powerful prince.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• नः (naḥ) - to us, for us, our

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in array, in encounter)

• नौः (nauḥ) - a boat, a ship

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• पारनेता (pāranetā) - one who leads us across (the difficulties of battle) (one who leads across, guide, savior)

• जेता (jetā) - conqueror, victor

• रिपूणाम् (ripūṇām) - of enemies, of foes

• राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - prince, king's son

• तरस्वी (tarasvī) - powerful, energetic, swift

• अनर्हता (anarhatā) - undeserving of being gambled away (undeserving, not fit, unworthy)

• लोकवीरेण (lokavīreṇa) - by the hero of the world

• तेन (tena) - with him (Arjuna) (by him, with him, that)

• दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I play (dice), I gamble

• अहम् (aham) - I

• शकुने (śakune) - O Śakuni

• फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna (Phalguna)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

नः (naḥ) - to us, for us, our

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

enclitic form of asmad

Note: Here in dative/genitive sense 'for us, our'.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in array, in encounter)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyā

saṁkhyā - battle, encounter, number

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā

नौः (nauḥ) - a boat, a ship

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

nominative singular of nau (feminine)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

पारनेता (pāranetā) - one who leads us across (the difficulties of battle) (one who leads across, guide, savior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāranetṛ

pāranetṛ - leader across, guide, savior

agent noun from √nī with pāra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāra+netṛ)

• pāra – the other side, end
  noun (neuter)
• netṛ – leader, guide
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from √nī
  Root: nī (class 1)

जेता (jetā) - conqueror, victor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jetṛ

jetṛ - conqueror, victor

agent noun from √ji

Root: ji (class 1)

रिपूणाम् (ripūṇām) - of enemies, of foes

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe

राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - prince, king's son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - king's son, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

तरस्वी (tarasvī) - powerful, energetic, swift

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tarasvin

tarasvin - powerful, energetic, swift

Root: tṝ

अनर्हता (anarhatā) - undeserving of being gambled away (undeserving, not fit, unworthy)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anarhat

anarhat - undeserving, unworthy

from `an-` + `arhat`

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+arhat)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• arhat – deserving, worthy
  adjective (masculine)
  present active participle
  from √arh (to be worthy)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies lokavīreṇa.

लोकवीरेण (lokavīreṇa) - by the hero of the world

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lokavīra

lokavīra - hero of the world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+vīra)

• loka – world, people
  noun (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vī

तेन (tena) - with him (Arjuna) (by him, with him, that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

instrumental singular of tad (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I play (dice), I gamble

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dīv

present active

1st person singular present active of √dīv (class 4 or 9)

Root: dīv (class 4)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

nominative singular of asmad

शकुने (śakune) - O Śakuni

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Śakuni (proper noun), bird

vocative singular

फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna (Phalguna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (proper noun)

instrumental singular

Note: Used instrumentally with dīvyāmi (gamble with).