महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-50, verse-4

महाभूतसमायुक्तं बुद्धिसंयमनं रथम् ।
तमारुह्य स भूतात्मा समन्तात्परिधावति ॥४॥

4. mahābhūtasamāyuktaṁ buddhisaṁyamanaṁ ratham ,
tamāruhya sa bhūtātmā samantātparidhāvati.

4. mahābhūtasamāyuktam buddhisaṃyamanam ratham
tam āruhya sa bhūtātmā samantāt paridhāvati

4. The individual soul (ātman) mounts that chariot, which is composed of the great elements and controlled by the intellect, and then roams about everywhere.

Words meanings summery:

• महाभूतसमायुक्तम् (mahābhūtasamāyuktam) - composed of the great elements (as a description of the chariot/body) (endowed with great elements, connected with great elements, consisting of great elements)

• बुद्धिसंयमनम् (buddhisaṁyamanam) - controlled by the intellect (describing the chariot) (controlled by intellect, restraining intellect, intellect as controller)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot (representing the body/senses) (chariot, car)

• तम् (tam) - that (chariot) (that, him, it)

• आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted (the chariot) (having ascended, having mounted, having climbed)

• स (sa) - he (the individual soul) (he, that)

• भूतात्मा (bhūtātmā) - the individual soul (ātman) (the soul of beings, the individual self, the living soul)

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - everywhere (on all sides, everywhere, completely)

• परिधावति (paridhāvati) - roams about (runs about, moves around, roams)

Words meanings and morphology

महाभूतसमायुक्तम् (mahābhūtasamāyuktam) - composed of the great elements (as a description of the chariot/body) (endowed with great elements, connected with great elements, consisting of great elements)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābhūtasamāyukta

mahābhūtasamāyukta - endowed with great elements, connected with great elements

Compound adjective derived from mahābhūta and samāyukta (past passive participle of sam-ā-yuj).

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahābhūta+samāyukta)

• mahābhūta – great element, primary element (earth, water, fire, air, ether)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of mahā (great) and bhūta (element).
• samāyukta – joined, connected, endowed with, united with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yuj (to join) with prefixes sam- and ā-.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: yuj (class 7)

बुद्धिसंयमनम् (buddhisaṁyamanam) - controlled by the intellect (describing the chariot) (controlled by intellect, restraining intellect, intellect as controller)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of buddhisaṃyamana

buddhisaṁyamana - controlled by intellect, restraint of intellect

Compound of buddhi (intellect) and saṃyamana (controlling, restraining).

Compound type : tatpurusha (buddhi+samyamana)

• buddhi – intellect, understanding, intelligence
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root budh (to know, understand).
  Root: budh (class 1)
• samyamana – restraining, controlling, discipline, governance
  noun (neuter)
  Agent noun or verbal adjective from root yam with prefix sam-.
  Derived from root yam (to restrain) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yam (class 1)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot (representing the body/senses) (chariot, car)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: ram

तम् (tam) - that (chariot) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted (the chariot) (having ascended, having mounted, having climbed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from root ruh (to ascend) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

स (sa) - he (the individual soul) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

भूतात्मा (bhūtātmā) - the individual soul (ātman) (the soul of beings, the individual self, the living soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūtātman

bhūtātman - the soul of beings, the individual self, the living soul

Compound of bhūta (being, element) and ātman (self, soul).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūta+ātman)

• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhū (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an

समन्तात् (samantāt) - everywhere (on all sides, everywhere, completely)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix tāt from samanta (all-around).

परिधावति (paridhāvati) - roams about (runs about, moves around, roams)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paridhāv

Present indicative

Derived from root dhāv (to run) with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: dhāv (class 1)