महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-50, verse-16

ओषधान्यगदादीनी नानाविद्याश्च सर्वशः ।
तपसैव प्रसिध्यन्ति तपोमूलं हि साधनम् ॥१६॥

16. oṣadhānyagadādīnī nānāvidyāśca sarvaśaḥ ,
tapasaiva prasidhyanti tapomūlaṁ hi sādhanam.

16. oṣadhānyagadādīnī nānāvidyāḥ ca sarvaśaḥ tapasā
eva prasidhyanti tapaḥ mūlam hi sādhanam

16. Herbs, remedies, and various sciences are all perfected solely through ascetic practice (tapas). Indeed, ascetic practice (tapas) is the very foundation of all accomplishment.

Words meanings summery:

• ओषधान्यगदादीनी (oṣadhānyagadādīnī) - herbs, antidotes, and the like

• नानाविद्याः (nānāvidyāḥ) - various kinds of knowledge, diverse sciences

• च (ca) - and, also

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, in every way, everywhere

• तपसा (tapasā) - by ascetic practice (tapas) (by (tapas), by asceticism, by austerity)

• एव (eva) - solely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• प्रसिध्यन्ति (prasidhyanti) - they are perfected (they are accomplished, they succeed, they are perfected)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - ascetic practice (tapas) ((tapas), ascetic practice, austerity)

• मूलम् (mūlam) - foundation (root, foundation, origin)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• साधनम् (sādhanam) - accomplishment (means, instrument, accomplishment, successful attainment)

Words meanings and morphology

ओषधान्यगदादीनी (oṣadhānyagadādīnī) - herbs, antidotes, and the like

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of oṣadhānyagadādīni

oṣadhānyagadādīni - herbs, medicines, antidotes, and similar remedies

Compound of oṣadhi, agada, and ādi

Compound type : Dvandva-Tatpuruṣa (oṣadhi+agada+ādi)

• oṣadhi – herb, medicine
  noun (feminine)
• agada – antidote, remedy (literally 'not poison')
  noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, first; used as 'etcetera' when at the end of a compound
  noun (masculine)

नानाविद्याः (nānāvidyāḥ) - various kinds of knowledge, diverse sciences

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nānāvidyā

nānāvidyā - various kinds of knowledge or sciences

Compound of nānā (various) and vidyā (knowledge)

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (nānā+vidyā)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• vidyā – knowledge, science, learning
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Particle

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, in every way, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Formed from sarva (all) + suffix -śas (in every way)

तपसा (tapasā) - by ascetic practice (tapas) (by (tapas), by asceticism, by austerity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - ascetic practice, austerity, penance, spiritual heat, devotional fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

एव (eva) - solely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Particle

प्रसिध्यन्ति (prasidhyanti) - they are perfected (they are accomplished, they succeed, they are perfected)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of pra-sidh

Present tense, third person plural

Formed from prefix pra and root sidh

Prefix: pra

Root: sidh (class 4)

तपः (tapaḥ) - ascetic practice (tapas) ((tapas), ascetic practice, austerity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - ascetic practice, austerity, penance, spiritual heat, devotional fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

मूलम् (mūlam) - foundation (root, foundation, origin)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, basis, origin, foundation

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle

साधनम् (sādhanam) - accomplishment (means, instrument, accomplishment, successful attainment)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sādhana

sādhana - means, instrument, accomplishment, successful attainment, performance

From root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)