महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-50, verse-30

कर्म केचित्प्रशंसन्ति मन्दबुद्धितरा नराः ।
ये तु बुद्धा महात्मानो न प्रशंसन्ति कर्म ते ॥३०॥

30. karma kecitpraśaṁsanti mandabuddhitarā narāḥ ,
ye tu buddhā mahātmāno na praśaṁsanti karma te.

30. karma kecit praśaṃsanti mandabuddhitaraḥ narāḥ
ye tu buddhāḥ mahātmānaḥ na praśaṃsanti karma te

30. Some dull-witted men praise ritual action (karma). But those who are enlightened, the great souls (mahātman), they do not praise action (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• कर्म (karma) - ritual action (karma) (action, deed, ritual, fate)

• केचित् (kecit) - some (men) (some, certain ones)

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise (they praise, they commend)

• मन्दबुद्धितरः (mandabuddhitaraḥ) - very dull-witted (comparative used for emphasis) (duller-witted, more foolish in intellect)

• नराः (narāḥ) - men (men, people)

• ये (ye) - those who (who (plural))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• बुद्धाः (buddhāḥ) - enlightened (ones) (enlightened, awakened, wise)

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great souls (mahātman) (great-souled, noble-minded)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise (they praise, they commend)

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, ritual, fate)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the great souls) (they, those)

Words meanings and morphology

कर्म (karma) - ritual action (karma) (action, deed, ritual, fate)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, religious rite, destiny

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'praśaṃsanti'.

केचित् (kecit) - some (men) (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka-cit

ka - who, what

From interrogative pronoun 'ka' with suffix 'cit'.

Note: Subject.

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise (they praise, they commend)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Root 'śaṃs' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Third person plural present active.

मन्दबुद्धितरः (mandabuddhitaraḥ) - very dull-witted (comparative used for emphasis) (duller-witted, more foolish in intellect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mandabuddhitara

mandabuddhitara - duller in intellect, more ignorant

Comparative degree of 'mandabuddhi'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa or bahuvrīhi, with comparative suffix 'tara' (manda+buddhi+tara)

• manda – dull, slow, weak
  adjective
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• tara – more, exceedingly (comparative suffix)
  suffix
  Comparative suffix

Note: Qualifies 'narāḥ'.

नराः (narāḥ) - men (men, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being

Root: nṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject in the first clause.

ये (ye) - those who (who (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates contrast.

बुद्धाः (buddhāḥ) - enlightened (ones) (enlightened, awakened, wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of buddha

buddha - awakened, enlightened, understood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root budh- (to awaken, know).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mahātmānaḥ'.

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great souls (mahātman) (great-souled, noble-minded)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble-minded, exalted spirit

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate noun or apposition for 'ye'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'praśaṃsanti'.

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise (they praise, they commend)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Root 'śaṃs' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Third person plural present active.

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, ritual, fate)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, religious rite, destiny

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'praśaṃsanti'.

ते (te) - they (referring to the great souls) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Main subject of the second clause.