महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-50, verse-1

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
भूतानामथ पञ्चानां यथैषामीश्वरं मनः ।
नियमे च विसर्गे च भूतात्मा मन एव च ॥१॥

1. brahmovāca ,
bhūtānāmatha pañcānāṁ yathaiṣāmīśvaraṁ manaḥ ,
niyame ca visarge ca bhūtātmā mana eva ca.

1. brahmā uvāca bhūtānām atha pañcānām yathā eṣām īśvaram
manaḥ niyame ca visarge ca bhūtātmā manaḥ eva ca

1. brahmā uvāca.
atha pañcānām bhūtānām eṣām yathā manaḥ īśvaram niyame ca visarge ca,
ca manaḥ eva bhūtātmā.

1. Brahmā said: Now, concerning the five elements, how the mind (manas) is their lord, both in their regulation and their emanation. Indeed, the mind (manas) itself is the inner essence (ātman) of beings.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of the elements (earth, water, fire, air, ether) (of beings, of elements)

• अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover

• पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these

• ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - master, lord, controller

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind (manas) (mind, intellect, heart)

• नियमे (niyame) - in regulation, in restraint

• च (ca) - and, also

• विसर्गे (visarge) - in emission, in creation, in discharge

• च (ca) - and, also

• भूतात्मा (bhūtātmā) - the inner essence (ātman) of beings (the soul of beings, the essence of elements)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind (manas) (mind, intellect, heart)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator deity)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

Irregular perfect form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of the elements (earth, water, fire, air, ether) (of beings, of elements)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, what has been, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover

(indeclinable)

पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtānām'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a subordinate clause.

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Also neuter plural genitive. Refers to the 'bhūtānām' (elements).

ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - master, lord, controller

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, controller, supreme being

Derived from root īś (to rule, to be master of).

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Here functioning as a predicate adjective or noun for 'manaḥ'.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind (manas) (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, heart, soul

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the clause.

नियमे (niyame) - in regulation, in restraint

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niyama

niyama - regulation, restraint, rule, discipline

Derived from root yam (to restrain) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विसर्गे (visarge) - in emission, in creation, in discharge

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of visarga

visarga - emission, creation, discharge, abandonment

Derived from root sṛj (to create, emit) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भूतात्मा (bhūtātmā) - the inner essence (ātman) of beings (the soul of beings, the essence of elements)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūtātman

bhūtātman - soul of beings, elemental spirit, the essence of existence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+ātman)

• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhū (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind (manas) (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, heart, soul

Root: man (class 4)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)