महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-91, verse-42

निवापे हव्यकव्ये वा गर्हितं च श्वदर्शनम् ।
पितरश्चैव देवाश्च नाभिनन्दन्ति तद्धविः ॥४२॥

42. nivāpe havyakavye vā garhitaṁ ca śvadarśanam ,
pitaraścaiva devāśca nābhinandanti taddhaviḥ.

42. nivāpe havyakavye vā garhitam ca śvadarśanam
pitaraḥ ca eva devāḥ ca na abhinandanti tat haviḥ

42. At an offering (nivāpa) for the gods (havya) or ancestors (kavya), the sight of a dog is reprehensible. The ancestors (pitṛ) and gods do not approve of such an offering.

Words meanings summery:

• निवापे (nivāpe) - in an offering, during a libation

• हव्यकव्ये (havyakavye) - in the context of offerings to gods (havya) and offerings to ancestors (kavya) (concerning offerings to gods and ancestors)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• गर्हितम् (garhitam) - censured, blameable, reprehensible

• च (ca) - and, also

• श्वदर्शनम् (śvadarśanam) - sight of a dog

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors, fathers

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिनन्दन्ति (abhinandanti) - they approve, they rejoice in

• तत् (tat) - that specific offering (that, such)

• हविः (haviḥ) - offering, oblation

Words meanings and morphology

निवापे (nivāpe) - in an offering, during a libation

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nivāpa

nivāpa - offering, libation, strewing, sowing

Prefix: ni

Root: vap (class 1)

हव्यकव्ये (havyakavye) - in the context of offerings to gods (havya) and offerings to ancestors (kavya) (concerning offerings to gods and ancestors)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of havyakavya

havyakavya - offerings for gods (havya) and offerings for ancestors (kavya)

Compound type : dvandva (havya+kavya)

• havya – offering to gods, oblation
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'hu' (to offer).
  Root: hu (class 3)
• kavya – offering to ancestors, ancestral offering
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'kū' or related to 'kavi'.

Note: Dual form to refer to both 'havya' and 'kavya'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

गर्हितम् (garhitam) - censured, blameable, reprehensible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of garhita

garhita - censured, blamed, reprehensible, despicable

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'garh' (to blame, censure) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: garh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

श्वदर्शनम् (śvadarśanam) - sight of a dog

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śvadarśana

śvadarśana - the sight of a dog

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvan+darśana)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• darśana – seeing, sight, perception
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dṛś' (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors, fathers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor; forefathers

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिनन्दन्ति (abhinandanti) - they approve, they rejoice in

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of nand

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that specific offering (that, such)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

हविः (haviḥ) - offering, oblation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of havis

havis - oblation, offering, ghee (clarified butter)