महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-91, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
केन संकल्पितं श्राद्धं कस्मिन्काले किमात्मकम् ।
भृग्वङ्गिरसके काले मुनिना कतरेण वा ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kena saṁkalpitaṁ śrāddhaṁ kasminkāle kimātmakam ,
bhṛgvaṅgirasake kāle muninā katareṇa vā.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca kena saṅkalpitam śrāddham kasmin
kāle kimātmakam bhṛgvaṅgirasake kāle muninā katareṇa vā

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca śrāddham kena saṅkalpitam kasmin
kāle kimātmakam bhṛgvaṅgirasake kāle muninā katareṇa vā

1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: 'By whom was the ancestral ritual (śrāddha) ordained? At what time, and of what essential nature? Was it during the ancient era associated with the sages Bhṛgu and Aṅgiras, and if so, by which particular sage?'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• केन (kena) - by whom

• सङ्कल्पितम् (saṅkalpitam) - ordained, resolved, determined

• श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral ritual (śrāddha)

• कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in what

• काले (kāle) - at time, in the time, period

• किमात्मकम् (kimātmakam) - of what nature, what is its essence

• भृग्वङ्गिरसके (bhṛgvaṅgirasake) - in the (era) of Bhṛgu and Aṅgiras

• काले (kāle) - at time, in the time, period

• मुनिना (muninā) - by a sage

• कतरेण (katareṇa) - by which one (of two or more)

• वा (vā) - or

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound type : aluk-ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective
  From root sthā + -ira.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Root: vac (class 2)

केन (kena) - by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

सङ्कल्पितम् (saṅkalpitam) - ordained, resolved, determined

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṅkalpita

saṅkalpita - determined, resolved, conceived, intended

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kḷp' (to be in order, arrange) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'śrāddham'.

श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral ritual (śrāddha)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - ancestral ritual, an offering to the deceased ancestors, faith, reverence

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was ordained'.

कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in what

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Modifies 'kāle'.

काले (kāle) - at time, in the time, period

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death

किमात्मकम् (kimātmakam) - of what nature, what is its essence

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kimātmaka

kimātmaka - of what nature or essence, what sort

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+ātman)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun
• ātman – self, soul, essence, nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'śrāddham'.

भृग्वङ्गिरसके (bhṛgvaṅgirasake) - in the (era) of Bhṛgu and Aṅgiras

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhṛgvaṅgirasaka

bhṛgvaṅgirasaka - pertaining to Bhṛgu and Aṅgiras (two ancient sages)

Compound type : dvandva-derivative (bhṛgu+aṅgiras)

• bhṛgu – name of an ancient sage and priestly family
  proper noun (masculine)
• aṅgiras – name of an ancient sage and priestly family
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'kāle'.

काले (kāle) - at time, in the time, period

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death

मुनिना (muninā) - by a sage

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, inspired saint

कतरेण (katareṇa) - by which one (of two or more)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of katara

katara - which of two, which of several

Note: Interrogative pronoun, specifies 'muninā'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects options.