महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-91, verse-38

अश्राद्धेयानि धान्यानि कोद्रवाः पुलकास्तथा ।
हिङ्गु द्रव्येषु शाकेषु पलाण्डुं लशुनं तथा ॥३८॥

38. aśrāddheyāni dhānyāni kodravāḥ pulakāstathā ,
hiṅgu dravyeṣu śākeṣu palāṇḍuṁ laśunaṁ tathā.

38. aśrāddheyāni dhānyāni kodravāḥ pulakāḥ tathā
hiṅgu dravyeṣu śākeṣu palāṇḍum laśunam tathā

38. aśrāddheyāni dhānyāni kodravāḥ pulakāḥ tathā (santi)
dravyeṣu śākeṣu hiṅgu palāṇḍum laśunam tathā (aśrāddheyāni)

38. Grains unfit for śrāddha rites include kodrava and pulaka. Among substances and vegetables, asafoetida, onion, and garlic are likewise prohibited or unfit.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्राद्धेयानि (aśrāddheyāni) - unfit for śrāddha, not to be offered in śrāddha rites

• धान्यानि (dhānyāni) - grains, corn, cereals

• कोद्रवाः (kodravāḥ) - A species of grain (Paspalum scrobiculatum), often considered inferior or ritually impure. (kodrava grain)

• पुलकाः (pulakāḥ) - A type of coarse or defective grain, often considered unfit for rituals. (pulaka grain)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way, and also

• हिङ्गु (hiṅgu) - A pungent spice, often prohibited in certain ritual contexts due to its strong odor and association with 'tāmasic' qualities. (asafoetida)

• द्रव्येषु (dravyeṣu) - among substances, in materials

• शाकेषु (śākeṣu) - among vegetables, in greens

• पलाण्डुम् (palāṇḍum) - Onion is often prohibited in ritual or ascetic contexts due to its pungent nature. (onion)

• लशुनम् (laśunam) - Garlic is often prohibited in ritual or ascetic contexts due to its pungent nature. (garlic)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way, and also

Words meanings and morphology

अश्राद्धेयानि (aśrāddheyāni) - unfit for śrāddha, not to be offered in śrāddha rites

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of aśrāddheya

aśrāddheya - not to be offered in śrāddha, unfit for śrāddha.

Gerundive/Potential Participle

Compound of `a` (negation) + `śrāddheya` (fit for śrāddha, derived from `śrāddha` + -eya suffix).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śrāddheya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• śrāddheya – fit for śrāddha, to be offered in śrāddha
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From `śrāddha` (funeral rite) + -eya (suitable for).

Note: Qualifies `dhānyāni`.

धान्यानि (dhānyāni) - grains, corn, cereals

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dhānya

dhānya - grain, corn, cereal.

Derived from `dhā` (to place, nourish).

Root: dhā (class 3)

कोद्रवाः (kodravāḥ) - A species of grain (Paspalum scrobiculatum), often considered inferior or ritually impure. (kodrava grain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kodrava

kodrava - a species of grain (Paspalum scrobiculatum), considered inferior.

Note: Listed as an example of grains unfit for śrāddha.

पुलकाः (pulakāḥ) - A type of coarse or defective grain, often considered unfit for rituals. (pulaka grain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pulaka

pulaka - a kind of coarse or defective grain; bristling, horripilation.

Root: pul (class 1)

Note: Listed as an example of grains unfit for śrāddha.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way, and also

(indeclinable)

हिङ्गु (hiṅgu) - A pungent spice, often prohibited in certain ritual contexts due to its strong odor and association with 'tāmasic' qualities. (asafoetida)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hiṅgu

hiṅgu - asafoetida.

Note: The nominative form also functions as accusative in neuter. Here it's an item in a list implying prohibition.

द्रव्येषु (dravyeṣu) - among substances, in materials

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of dravya

dravya - substance, material, thing, object, wealth.

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Indicates a category of items.

शाकेषु (śākeṣu) - among vegetables, in greens

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of śāka

śāka - vegetable, pot-herb, greens.

Note: Indicates a category of items.

पलाण्डुम् (palāṇḍum) - Onion is often prohibited in ritual or ascetic contexts due to its pungent nature. (onion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of palāṇḍu

palāṇḍu - onion.

Note: Object of implied prohibition.

लशुनम् (laśunam) - Garlic is often prohibited in ritual or ascetic contexts due to its pungent nature. (garlic)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of laśuna

laśuna - garlic.

Note: Object of implied prohibition.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way, and also

(indeclinable)