महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-91, verse-2

कानि श्राद्धेषु वर्ज्यानि तथा मूलफलानि च ।
धान्यजातिश्च का वर्ज्या तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥२॥

2. kāni śrāddheṣu varjyāni tathā mūlaphalāni ca ,
dhānyajātiśca kā varjyā tanme brūhi pitāmaha.

2. kāni śrāddheṣu varjyāni tathā mūlaphalāni ca
dhānyajātiḥ ca kā varjyā tat me brūhi pitāmaha

2. pitāmaha śrāddheṣu kāni varjyāni tathā mūlaphalāni
ca kā dhānyajātiḥ ca varjyā tat me brūhi

2. O Grandfather, tell me what things are to be avoided in ancestral rituals (śrāddha), and similarly, which roots and fruits [should be avoided]. Also, what type of grain is prohibited?

Words meanings summery:

• कानि (kāni) - what (things)

• श्राद्धेषु (śrāddheṣu) - in śrāddha rituals

• वर्ज्यानि (varjyāni) - to be avoided, prohibited

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

• मूलफलानि (mūlaphalāni) - roots and fruits

• च (ca) - and

• धान्यजातिः (dhānyajātiḥ) - type of grain, species of corn

• च (ca) - and

• का (kā) - what (feminine)

• वर्ज्या (varjyā) - to be avoided, prohibited

• तत् (tat) - that

• मे (me) - to me

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather

Words meanings and morphology

कानि (kāni) - what (things)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kim

kim - what, which, who

श्राद्धेषु (śrāddheṣu) - in śrāddha rituals

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of śrāddha

śrāddha - ancestral ritual, an offering to the deceased ancestors, faith, reverence

वर्ज्यानि (varjyāni) - to be avoided, prohibited

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of varjya

varjya - to be shunned, excluded, abandoned, prohibited

Gerundive

From root 'vṛj' (to avoid, abandon) + suffix '-ya'.

Root: vṛj (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

(indeclinable)

मूलफलानि (mūlaphalāni) - roots and fruits

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mūlaphalā

mūlaphalā - roots and fruits (as food)

Compound type : dvandva (mūla+phala)

• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धान्यजातिः (dhānyajātiḥ) - type of grain, species of corn

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhānyajāti

dhānyajāti - type of grain, species of cereal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhānya+jāti)

• dhānya – grain, corn, cereal
  noun (neuter)
• jāti – birth, origin, species, kind, type
  noun (feminine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

का (kā) - what (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Modifies 'dhānyajātiḥ' and 'varjyā'.

वर्ज्या (varjyā) - to be avoided, prohibited

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of varjya

varjya - to be shunned, excluded, abandoned, prohibited

Gerundive

From root 'vṛj' (to avoid, abandon) + suffix '-ya'.

Root: vṛj (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of 'brūhi'.

मे (me) - to me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form for 1st person singular dative/genitive.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative

Root: brū (class 2)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, creator (Brahmā)