महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-91, verse-27

देवास्तु पितरो नाम निर्मिता वै स्वयंभुवा ।
ऊष्मपाः सुमहाभागास्तेषां भागाः प्रकल्पिताः ॥२७॥

27. devāstu pitaro nāma nirmitā vai svayaṁbhuvā ,
ūṣmapāḥ sumahābhāgāsteṣāṁ bhāgāḥ prakalpitāḥ.

27. devāḥ tu pitaraḥ nāma nirmitāḥ vai svayambhuvā
ūṣmapāḥ sumahābhāgāḥ teṣām bhāgāḥ prakalpitāḥ

27. tu devāḥ pitaraḥ nāma vai svayambhuvā nirmitāḥ ūṣmapāḥ
sumahābhāgāḥ (santi) teṣām bhāgāḥ prakalpitāḥ (santi)

27. Indeed, the gods who are called ancestors (pitṛs) were verily created by Svayambhū. They are the ūṣmapās, the highly esteemed ones; their portions have been ordained.

Words meanings summery:

• देवाः (devāḥ) - The celestial beings (gods, deities)

• तु (tu) - Introduces a contrasting or emphatic statement (but, indeed, yet)

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - The class of divine ancestors (pitṛs) (fathers, ancestors, pitṛs)

• नाम (nāma) - Emphasizes the designation 'pitṛs' (by name, indeed, namely)

• निर्मिताः (nirmitāḥ) - Brought into existence (created, formed, constructed)

• वै (vai) - Strong emphasis on the statement (indeed, verily, certainly)

• स्वयम्भुवा (svayambhuvā) - By the creator deity, Brahmā (by Svayambhū, by the self-existent one)

• ऊष्मपाः (ūṣmapāḥ) - A specific class of beings, the pitṛs, who consume the subtle essence of offerings (drinkers of subtle essence/vapor, receivers of warm offerings)

• सुमहाभागाः (sumahābhāgāḥ) - The pitṛs are described as greatly honored or fortunate (very fortunate, highly esteemed, having great shares)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - Referring to the pitṛs (of them, for them)

• भागाः (bhāgāḥ) - Predetermined portions or allocations (shares, portions, divisions)

• प्रकल्पिताः (prakalpitāḥ) - Their shares have been fixed or established (allotted, assigned, ordained, determined)

Words meanings and morphology

देवाः (devāḥ) - The celestial beings (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

From root div (to shine)

Root: div (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'nirmitāḥ'.

तु (tu) - Introduces a contrasting or emphatic statement (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - The class of divine ancestors (pitṛs) (fathers, ancestors, pitṛs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, progenitor, a class of divine beings (pitṛs)

Note: Identifies the devāḥ by name.

नाम (nāma) - Emphasizes the designation 'pitṛs' (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

निर्मिताः (nirmitāḥ) - Brought into existence (created, formed, constructed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirmita

nirmita - created, formed, made, constructed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mā (to measure, create) with prefix nir-

Prefix: nir

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with devāḥ.

वै (vai) - Strong emphasis on the statement (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

स्वयम्भुवा (svayambhuvā) - By the creator deity, Brahmā (by Svayambhū, by the self-existent one)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svayambhū

svayambhū - the self-existent, self-born, an epithet of Brahmā or Viṣṇu or Śiva

Compound of svayam (by oneself) and bhū (being)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (svayam+bhū)

• svayam – by oneself, spontaneously
  indeclinable
• bhū – being, existing, earth
  noun
  From root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent of the action 'nirmitāḥ'.

ऊष्मपाः (ūṣmapāḥ) - A specific class of beings, the pitṛs, who consume the subtle essence of offerings (drinkers of subtle essence/vapor, receivers of warm offerings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ūṣmapā

ūṣmapā - drinker of warm vapor, one who partakes of the subtle essence of offerings (epithet for pitṛs)

Compound of ūṣman (heat, vapor) and pā (drinker)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (ūṣman+pā)

• ūṣman – heat, warmth, vapor, essence
  noun (masculine)
• pā – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to drink, protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Describes the nature of the pitṛs.

सुमहाभागाः (sumahābhāgāḥ) - The pitṛs are described as greatly honored or fortunate (very fortunate, highly esteemed, having great shares)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sumahābhāga

sumahābhāga - very fortunate, highly esteemed, having a great share

Compound of su (good, very), mahā (great), and bhāga (portion, fortune)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+mahā+bhāga)

• su – good, excellent, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From mahat (great)
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhaj (to divide, share)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies ūṣmapāḥ, or implicitly, the pitṛs.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - Referring to the pitṛs (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

Note: Possessive, refers to the ūṣmapāḥ / pitṛs.

भागाः (bhāgāḥ) - Predetermined portions or allocations (shares, portions, divisions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, part, division, lot

From root bhaj (to divide, share)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'were'.

प्रकल्पिताः (prakalpitāḥ) - Their shares have been fixed or established (allotted, assigned, ordained, determined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prakalpita

prakalpita - arranged, prepared, fixed, ordained, allotted, assigned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kḷp (to be arranged, formed) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhāgāḥ.