महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-91, verse-43

चण्डालश्वपचौ वर्ज्यौ निवापे समुपस्थिते ।
काषायवासी कुष्ठी वा पतितो ब्रह्महापि वा ॥४३॥

43. caṇḍālaśvapacau varjyau nivāpe samupasthite ,
kāṣāyavāsī kuṣṭhī vā patito brahmahāpi vā.

43. caṇḍālaśvapacau varjyau nivāpe samupasthite
kāṣāyavāsī kuṣṭhī vā patitaḥ brahmahā api vā

43. When an offering (nivāpa) is being performed, a caṇḍāla (outcaste) and a śvapaca (dog-eater) should be avoided. Also to be avoided are someone wearing reddish-brown garments, a leper, an outcast, or a slayer of a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• चण्डालश्वपचौ (caṇḍālaśvapacau) - a caṇḍāla and a śvapaca

• वर्ज्यौ (varjyau) - to be avoided (dual)

• निवापे (nivāpe) - in an offering, during a libation

• समुपस्थिते (samupasthite) - when the offering (nivāpa) is present or being performed (being present, having arrived, when present)

• काषायवासी (kāṣāyavāsī) - one wearing reddish-brown garments (a mendicant/ascetic)

• कुष्ठी (kuṣṭhī) - a leper

• वा (vā) - or, either

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - an outcast, fallen person

• ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - a slayer of a brahmin

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• वा (vā) - or, either

Words meanings and morphology

चण्डालश्वपचौ (caṇḍālaśvapacau) - a caṇḍāla and a śvapaca

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of caṇḍālaśvapaca

caṇḍālaśvapaca - a caṇḍāla (outcaste) and a śvapaca (dog-eater)

Compound type : dvandva (caṇḍāla+śvapaca)

• caṇḍāla – a person of the lowest and most despised caste, an outcaste
  noun (masculine)
• śvapaca – a dog-cooker or dog-eater, an outcaste
  noun (masculine)

वर्ज्यौ (varjyau) - to be avoided (dual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of varjya

varjya - to be avoided, excluded, forbidden

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Formed from root 'vṛj' (to avoid) + 'yat' suffix.

Root: vṛj

निवापे (nivāpe) - in an offering, during a libation

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nivāpa

nivāpa - offering, libation, strewing, sowing

Prefix: ni

Root: vap (class 1)

समुपस्थिते (samupasthite) - when the offering (nivāpa) is present or being performed (being present, having arrived, when present)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of samupasthita

samupasthita - present, standing near, having arrived, ready

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'sam' + 'upa' (prefixes) + root 'sthā' (to stand) + 'kta' suffix.

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'nivāpe'.

काषायवासी (kāṣāyavāsī) - one wearing reddish-brown garments (a mendicant/ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāṣāyavāsin

kāṣāyavāsin - wearing a reddish-brown garment; a mendicant or ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāṣāya+vāsin)

• kāṣāya – reddish-brown garment, ochre robe (typically of ascetics)
  noun/adjective (neuter)
• vāsin – wearing, clothed in; dweller, inhabitant
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 2)

कुष्ठी (kuṣṭhī) - a leper

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuṣṭhin

kuṣṭhin - suffering from leprosy, a leper

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

पतितः (patitaḥ) - an outcast, fallen person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, degraded, outcast, impure

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'pat' (to fall) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - a slayer of a brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmahan

brahmahan - a killer of a brahmin (brāhmaṇa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+han)

• brahman – Brahmin, Vedic priest; the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)