महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-91, verse-21

सोऽयं स्वयंभुविहितो धर्मः संकल्पितस्त्वया ।
ऋते स्वयंभुवः कोऽन्यः श्राद्धेयं विधिमाहरेत् ॥२१॥

21. so'yaṁ svayaṁbhuvihito dharmaḥ saṁkalpitastvayā ,
ṛte svayaṁbhuvaḥ ko'nyaḥ śrāddheyaṁ vidhimāharet.

21. saḥ ayam svayambhuvihitaḥ dharmaḥ saṃkalpitaḥ tvayā
ṛte svayambhuvaḥ kaḥ anyaḥ śrāddheyam vidhim āharet

21. saḥ ayam svayambhuvihitaḥ dharmaḥ tvayā saṃkalpitaḥ.
svayambhuvaḥ ṛte kaḥ anyaḥ śrāddheyam vidhim āharet?

21. This very (dharma) sacred custom, ordained by Svayambhū (Brahmā), has been resolved by you. Who else but Svayambhū himself could establish such a ritual (vidhi) for ancestral offerings (śrāddha)?

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• स्वयम्भुविहितः (svayambhuvihitaḥ) - ordained by Svayambhū, prescribed by Brahmā

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - sacred custom or established ritual practice (sacred custom, natural law, duty, righteousness)

• संकल्पितः (saṁkalpitaḥ) - resolved, intended, determined

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• ऋते (ṛte) - except for, without

• स्वयम्भुवः (svayambhuvaḥ) - of Svayambhū (Brahmā), from Svayambhū

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, another

• श्राद्धेयम् (śrāddheyam) - relating to śrāddha, fit for śrāddha

• विधिम् (vidhim) - procedure, rule, ordinance

• आहरेत् (āharet) - would bring, would perform, would establish

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

स्वयम्भुविहितः (svayambhuvihitaḥ) - ordained by Svayambhū, prescribed by Brahmā

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svayambhuvihita

svayambhuvihita - ordained by Svayambhū (Brahmā), prescribed by the self-existent one

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound of 'Svayambhū' and 'vihita'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svayambhū+vihita)

• svayambhū – self-existent, self-born (epithet of Brahmā)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vihita – ordained, prescribed, arranged, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix vi- + root dhā (to place, put, arrange)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Participial adjective modifying 'dharmaḥ'

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - sacred custom or established ritual practice (sacred custom, natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, sacred custom, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

संकल्पितः (saṁkalpitaḥ) - resolved, intended, determined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkalpita

saṁkalpita - resolved, intended, determined; conceived, planned

Past Passive Participle

From prefix saṃ- (together, completely) + root √kḷp (to be in order, to be made, to conceive) + -ta suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Participial adjective modifying 'dharmaḥ'

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

ऋते (ṛte) - except for, without

(indeclinable)

स्वयम्भुवः (svayambhuvaḥ) - of Svayambhū (Brahmā), from Svayambhū

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of svayambhū

svayambhū - self-existent, self-born (epithet of Brahmā)

Note: Governed by 'ṛte'

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, another

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

श्राद्धेयम् (śrāddheyam) - relating to śrāddha, fit for śrāddha

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śrāddheya

śrāddheya - relating to śrāddha, fit for śrāddha (ancestral offerings), proper for ancestral rites

Derived from śrāddha + suffix -eya

Note: Modifies 'vidhim'

विधिम् (vidhim) - procedure, rule, ordinance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - procedure, rule, ordinance, method, precept

From prefix vi- + root dhā (to place, arrange, ordain)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

आहरेत् (āharet) - would bring, would perform, would establish

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √hṛ

Optative

From prefix ā- + root hṛ (to carry, bring)

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)