महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-91, verse-15

कृत्वा च दक्षिणाग्रान्वै दर्भान्सुप्रयतः शुचिः ।
प्रददौ श्रीमते पिण्डं नामगोत्रमुदाहरन् ॥१५॥

15. kṛtvā ca dakṣiṇāgrānvai darbhānsuprayataḥ śuciḥ ,
pradadau śrīmate piṇḍaṁ nāmagotramudāharan.

15. kṛtvā ca dakṣiṇāgrān vai darbhān suprayataḥ
śuciḥ pradadau śrīmate piṇḍam nāmagotram udāharan

15. ca dakṣiṇāgrān darbhān kṛtvā vai śuciḥ suprayataḥ
nāmagotram udāharan śrīmate piṇḍam pradadau

15. And indeed, having arranged the darbha grass with its tips facing south, he, being pure and very attentive, offered the rice ball to the venerable one, pronouncing the name and lineage.

Words meanings summery:

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

• च (ca) - and

• दक्षिणाग्रान् (dakṣiṇāgrān) - with tips pointing south

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily

• दर्भान् (darbhān) - darbha grass

• सुप्रयतः (suprayataḥ) - well-controlled, very attentive, disciplined

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean

• प्रददौ (pradadau) - he offered, he gave forth

• श्रीमते (śrīmate) - to the glorious one, to the venerable one

• पिण्डम् (piṇḍam) - rice ball (offering to ancestors)

• नामगोत्रम् (nāmagotram) - name and lineage

• उदाहरन् (udāharan) - uttering, pronouncing

Words meanings and morphology

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root kṛ with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दक्षिणाग्रान् (dakṣiṇāgrān) - with tips pointing south

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dakṣiṇāgra

dakṣiṇāgra - having tips pointing south, south-pointed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dakṣiṇā+agra)

• dakṣiṇā – south, right (direction)
  noun (feminine)
• agra – tip, front, point
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'darbhān'.

वै (vai) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

दर्भान् (darbhān) - darbha grass

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of darbha

darbha - darbha grass (Poa cynosuroides), sacred grass used in rituals

Note: Direct object of 'kṛtvā'.

सुप्रयतः (suprayataḥ) - well-controlled, very attentive, disciplined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suprayata

suprayata - well-restrained, attentive, purified, disciplined

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+prayata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• prayata – restrained, attentive, pure
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra + yam.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the subject (he) of the sentence.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright, holy

Note: Refers to the subject (he) of the sentence.

प्रददौ (pradadau) - he offered, he gave forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

श्रीमते (śrīmate) - to the glorious one, to the venerable one

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, prosperous, venerable, fortunate

Note: Recipient of the offering.

पिण्डम् (piṇḍam) - rice ball (offering to ancestors)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of piṇḍa

piṇḍa - ball, lump, specifically a rice ball offering (for śrāddha)

Note: Direct object of 'pradadau'.

नामगोत्रम् (nāmagotram) - name and lineage

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāmagotra

nāmagotra - name and family/lineage/clan

Compound type : dvandva (nāman+gotra)

• nāman – name, appellation
  noun (neuter)
• gotra – family, lineage, clan, race
  noun (neuter)

Note: Direct object of 'udāharan'.

उदाहरन् (udāharan) - uttering, pronouncing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udāharat

udāharat - speaking, uttering, pronouncing

Present Active Participle

Formed from root hṛ with prefixes ud and ā.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (he) of 'pradadau'.