महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-62, verse-9

कुटुम्बं पीडयित्वापि ब्राह्मणाय महात्मने ।
दातव्यं भिक्षवे चान्नमात्मनो भूतिमिच्छता ॥९॥

9. kuṭumbaṁ pīḍayitvāpi brāhmaṇāya mahātmane ,
dātavyaṁ bhikṣave cānnamātmano bhūtimicchatā.

9. kuṭumbam pīḍayitvā api brāhmaṇāya mahātmane
dātavyam bhikṣave ca annam ātmanaḥ bhūtim icchatā

9. ātmanaḥ bhūtim icchatā kuṭumbam pīḍayitvā api
mahātmane brāhmaṇāya bhikṣave ca annam dātavyam

9. Even if it means causing hardship to one's family, food should be given to a high-souled brahmin and a mendicant by one who desires their own spiritual elevation (bhūti).

Words meanings summery:

• कुटुम्बम् (kuṭumbam) - family, household

• पीडयित्वा (pīḍayitvā) - having distressed, having oppressed, having tormented

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a brahmin

• महात्मने (mahātmane) - to a great-souled one, to a noble person

• दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given, ought to be given

• भिक्षवे (bhikṣave) - to a mendicant, to a beggar

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, of the self

• भूतिम् (bhūtim) - spiritual elevation (welfare, prosperity, spiritual elevation, existence)

• इच्छता (icchatā) - by one wishing, by one desiring

Words meanings and morphology

कुटुम्बम् (kuṭumbam) - family, household

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuṭumba

kuṭumba - family, household, a clan, a tribe, a community

पीडयित्वा (pīḍayitvā) - having distressed, having oppressed, having tormented

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From the causal stem of root `pīḍ` (to oppress, torment) + `ktvā` suffix.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a brahmin

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, relating to brahman, sacred

महात्मने (mahātmane) - to a great-souled one, to a noble person

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, high-minded person

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given, ought to be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dātavya

dātavya - to be given, bestowable

Gerundive (N.V.)

From root `dā` (to give) + `tavya` suffix.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Predicative adjective agreeing with 'annam'

भिक्षवे (bhikṣave) - to a mendicant, to a beggar

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhikṣu

bhikṣu - a mendicant, beggar, Buddhist or Jain monk

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, boiled rice, grain

Note: Subject of the gerundive 'dātavyam'

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, of the self

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life

Note: Possessive, referring to 'bhūtim' (one's own spiritual elevation)

भूतिम् (bhūtim) - spiritual elevation (welfare, prosperity, spiritual elevation, existence)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūti

bhūti - well-being, prosperity, power, spiritual elevation, existence, becoming

Root: bhū

Note: Object of 'icchatā'

इच्छता (icchatā) - by one wishing, by one desiring

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - wishing, desiring

Present Active Participle

From root `iṣ` (to wish, desire) + `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Agent of the gerundive 'dātavyam'