महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-62, verse-14

यो दद्यादपरिक्लिष्टमन्नमध्वनि वर्तते ।
श्रान्तायादृष्टपूर्वाय स महद्धर्ममाप्नुयात् ॥१४॥

14. yo dadyādaparikliṣṭamannamadhvani vartate ,
śrāntāyādṛṣṭapūrvāya sa mahaddharmamāpnuyāt.

14. yaḥ dadyāt aparikliṣṭam annam adhvani vartate
śrāntāya adṛṣṭapūrvāya saḥ mahat dharmam āpnuyāt

14. yaḥ adhvani vartate,
śrāntāya adṛṣṭapūrvāya aparikliṣṭam annam dadyāt,
saḥ mahat dharmam āpnuyāt.

14. Whoever gives untainted food to a tired stranger encountered on a journey, that person obtains great spiritual merit (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give, would give

• अपरिक्लिष्टम् (aparikliṣṭam) - untainted, pure (untainted, unblemished, pure, not distressed)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, sustenance

• अध्वनि (adhvani) - on the path, on the road, on a journey

• वर्तते (vartate) - is, exists, happens, turns, is present

• श्रान्ताय (śrāntāya) - to a tired one, to one who is weary

• अदृष्टपूर्वाय (adṛṣṭapūrvāya) - to one not seen before, to a stranger

• सः (saḥ) - he, that person

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - spiritual merit (merit, righteousness, virtuous action)

• आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - should obtain, would obtain

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give, would give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

अपरिक्लिष्टम् (aparikliṣṭam) - untainted, pure (untainted, unblemished, pure, not distressed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aparikliṣṭa

aparikliṣṭa - untainted, unblemished, pure, not distressed

Past Passive Participle

formed with privative prefix 'a' and ppp of kliś

Prefix: a

Root: kliś (class 9)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, sustenance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, boiled rice, sustenance

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ad' (to eat)

Root: ad (class 2)

अध्वनि (adhvani) - on the path, on the road, on a journey

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adhvan

adhvan - path, road, journey

वर्तते (vartate) - is, exists, happens, turns, is present

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

श्रान्ताय (śrāntāya) - to a tired one, to one who is weary

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of śrānta

śrānta - tired, weary, exhausted

Past Passive Participle

Root: śram (class 4)

अदृष्टपूर्वाय (adṛṣṭapūrvāya) - to one not seen before, to a stranger

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of adṛṣṭapūrva

adṛṣṭapūrva - not seen before, unprecedented, a stranger

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dṛṣṭa+pūrva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  privative prefix
• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• pūrva – before, formerly
  adjective

सः (saḥ) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, immense

धर्मम् (dharmam) - spiritual merit (merit, righteousness, virtuous action)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - spiritual merit, righteousness, moral duty, natural law, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - should obtain, would obtain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of āp

Root: āp (class 5)