महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-62, verse-43

भीष्म उवाच ।
नारदेनैवमुक्तोऽहमदामन्नं सदा नृप ।
अनसूयुस्त्वमप्यन्नं तस्माद्देहि गतज्वरः ॥४३॥

43. bhīṣma uvāca ,
nāradenaivamukto'hamadāmannaṁ sadā nṛpa ,
anasūyustvamapyannaṁ tasmāddehi gatajvaraḥ.

43. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca nāradena evam uktaḥ aham adām annam sadā
nṛpa anasūyuḥ tvam api annam tasmāt dehi gatajvaraḥ

43. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca nṛpa nāradena evam uktaḥ aham sadā annam
adām tasmāt anasūyuḥ gatajvaraḥ tvam api annam dehi

43. Bhishma said: 'O King, having been instructed thus by Narada, I always gave food. Therefore, you too, being benevolent and free from distress, should give food.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• नारदेन (nāradena) - by Narada

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - instructed (spoken, said, instructed)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अदाम् (adām) - I gave

• अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, grain, sustenance)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, perpetually)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King (O king, O ruler)

• अनसूयुः (anasūyuḥ) - being benevolent (unenvious, benevolent, not grudging)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अपि (api) - too (also, even, too)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, grain, sustenance)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• देहि (dehi) - should give (give, grant, offer)

• गतज्वरः (gatajvaraḥ) - free from distress (freed from fever, free from anxiety/distress)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a character in Mahabharata)

Root: bhīṣ (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect active, 3rd person singular, from root 'vac' (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Often used to introduce speech.

नारदेन (nāradena) - by Narada

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Narada (a divine sage)

Root: nṛ (class 1)

Note: Denotes the agent of instruction.

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the manner of instruction.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - instructed (spoken, said, instructed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, instructed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak) + ktapratyaya

Root: vac (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person singular pronoun, nominative

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

अदाम् (adām) - I gave

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect past (Laṅ) of dā

Imperfect active, 1st person singular, from root 'dā' (class 3)

Root: dā (class 3)

अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, grain, sustenance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, sustenance

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ad' (to eat) + ktapratyaya

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of 'adām'.

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

नृप (nṛpa) - O King (O king, O ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pā' (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

अनसूयुः (anasūyuḥ) - being benevolent (unenvious, benevolent, not grudging)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anasūyu

anasūyu - unenvious, benevolent, not grudging

Formed by adding negative prefix 'an-' to 'asūyu' (envious)

Root: sūy (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person singular pronoun, nominative

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira.

अपि (api) - too (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, grain, sustenance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, sustenance

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ad' (to eat) + ktapratyaya

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of 'dehi'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad' (that) used as an adverb

देहि (dehi) - should give (give, grant, offer)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of dā

Imperative active, 2nd person singular, from root 'dā' (class 3)

Root: dā (class 3)

गतज्वरः (gatajvaraḥ) - free from distress (freed from fever, free from anxiety/distress)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatajvara

gatajvara - freed from fever, free from anxiety/distress

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+jvara)

• gata – gone, removed, departed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go) + ktapratyaya
  Root: gam (class 1)
• jvara – fever, distress, anxiety
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'jvar' (to be hot)
  Root: jvar (class 1)