महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-62, verse-2

केन तुष्यन्ति ते सद्यस्तुष्टाः किं प्रदिशन्त्युत ।
शंस मे तन्महाबाहो फलं पुण्यकृतं महत् ॥२॥

2. kena tuṣyanti te sadyastuṣṭāḥ kiṁ pradiśantyuta ,
śaṁsa me tanmahābāho phalaṁ puṇyakṛtaṁ mahat.

2. kena tuṣyanti te sadyaḥ tuṣṭāḥ kim pradiśanti
uta śaṃsa me tat mahābāho phalam puṇyakṛtam mahat

2. kena te sadyaḥ tuṣyanti uta tuṣṭāḥ kim pradiśanti
mahābāho śaṃsa me tat mahat phalam puṇyakṛtam

2. By what means are they immediately satisfied? And once satisfied, what do they bestow in return? O mighty-armed one, tell me about that great reward for meritorious actions.

Words meanings summery:

• केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by which means

• तुष्यन्ति (tuṣyanti) - they are satisfied, they become pleased

• ते (te) - Refers to the brahmins (viprebhyaḥ) mentioned in the previous verse. (they (masculine))

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, at once, promptly

• तुष्टाः (tuṣṭāḥ) - satisfied, pleased (ones)

• किम् (kim) - what

• प्रदिशन्ति (pradiśanti) - they bestow, grant, impart

• उत (uta) - and, moreover, also

• शंस (śaṁsa) - tell, relate, praise

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the 'fruit of meritorious deeds'. (that, it)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - Refers to Bhishma. (O mighty-armed one)

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, reward

• पुण्यकृतम् (puṇyakṛtam) - of meritorious deeds, of virtuous actions

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

Words meanings and morphology

केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by which means

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Refers to the means of satisfaction.

तुष्यन्ति (tuṣyanti) - they are satisfied, they become pleased

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tuṣ

Present Active

Root √tuṣ, 4th conjugation, Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural, Active Voice

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

ते (te) - Refers to the brahmins (viprebhyaḥ) mentioned in the previous verse. (they (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, at once, promptly

(indeclinable)

तुष्टाः (tuṣṭāḥ) - satisfied, pleased (ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tuṣṭa

tuṣṭa - satisfied, pleased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tuṣ

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to the brahmins.

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Acts as direct object of 'pradiśanti'.

प्रदिशन्ति (pradiśanti) - they bestow, grant, impart

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of diś

Present Active

Root √diś with prefix pra, Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural, Active Voice

Prefix: pra

Root: diś (class 6)

उत (uta) - and, moreover, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a conjunction.

शंस (śaṁsa) - tell, relate, praise

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

Imperative Active

Root √śaṃs, Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the 'fruit of meritorious deeds'. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of 'śaṃsa'.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - Refers to Bhishma. (O mighty-armed one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, one with great arms

Compound: mahā (great) + bāhu (arm)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, reward

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, reward, consequence

Note: Object of 'śaṃsa'.

पुण्यकृतम् (puṇyakṛtam) - of meritorious deeds, of virtuous actions

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of puṇyakṛta

puṇyakṛta - done virtuously, meritorious deed

Past Passive Participle (secondary formation from noun)

Compound: puṇya (merit, virtue) + kṛta (done, made). Can also function as a noun 'meritorious deed'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṇya+kṛta)

• puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed
  noun (neuter)
• kṛta – done, made, deed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: It is an adjective modifying 'phalam'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'phalam'.