महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-57, verse-5

शरीरं योक्तुमिच्छामि तपसोग्रेण भारत ।
उपदिष्टमिहेच्छामि तत्त्वतोऽहं विशां पते ॥५॥

5. śarīraṁ yoktumicchāmi tapasogreṇa bhārata ,
upadiṣṭamihecchāmi tattvato'haṁ viśāṁ pate.

5. śarīram yoktum icchāmi tapasā ugreṇa bhārata
upadiṣṭam iha icchāmi tattvataḥ aham viśām pate

5. bhārata ugreṇa tapasā śarīram yoktum icchāmi
viśām pate aham iha upadiṣṭam tattvataḥ icchāmi

5. O Bhārata, I wish to engage my body in severe asceticism (tapas). O lord of the people, I truly desire to understand here what has been instructed.

Words meanings summery:

• शरीरम् (śarīram) - my body (body, frame, physical form)

• योक्तुम् (yoktum) - to engage (to join, to harness, to apply, to engage)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I desire, I wish, I want)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by severe asceticism (tapas) (by austerity, by penance, by asceticism)

• उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by severe (by severe, by fierce, by terrible)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative address to a Kuru elder) (O descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata)

• उपदिष्टम् (upadiṣṭam) - that which has been instructed (instructed, taught, prescribed (neuter accusative singular))

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, in this matter)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire (I desire, I wish, I want)

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly (truly, in reality, essentially, from truth)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of people, of subjects, of clans)

• पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

शरीरम् (śarīram) - my body (body, frame, physical form)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, frame, physical form

Root: śṝ

Note: Can also be nominative singular, but accusative fits 'yoktum icchāmi'.

योक्तुम् (yoktum) - to engage (to join, to harness, to apply, to engage)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

derived from root √yuj with suffix -tum

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Used to express purpose. Related to (yoga).

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I desire, I wish, I want)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

present tense

1st person singular, present indicative

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: This verb appears twice in the verse, with slightly different objects.

तपसा (tapasā) - by severe asceticism (tapas) (by austerity, by penance, by asceticism)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, pain, penance, religious austerity (tapas)

s-ending neuter noun

Root: tap

Note: The word 'tapas' is one of the terms to be bracketed in the translation.

उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by severe (by severe, by fierce, by terrible)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, severe, terrible, powerful

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative address to a Kuru elder) (O descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a resident of Bhārata (India)

Root: bhṛ

उपदिष्टम् (upadiṣṭam) - that which has been instructed (instructed, taught, prescribed (neuter accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upadiṣṭa

upadiṣṭa - instructed, taught, advised, pointed out

past passive participle

derived from root √diś with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Acts as a nominalized object to 'icchāmi'.

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

adverb

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire (I desire, I wish, I want)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

present tense

1st person singular, present indicative

Root: iṣ (class 6)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly (truly, in reality, essentially, from truth)

(indeclinable)

derived from tattva with suffix -taḥ

Note: Acts as an adverb modifying 'icchāmi' or 'upadiṣṭam'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person pronoun

Note: The explicit subject for `icchāmi`.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of people, of subjects, of clans)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, clan, community

feminine noun

Root: viś

Note: Part of the compound address `viśām pate`.

पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband, owner

i-ending noun

Note: Forms a compound address `viśām pate` (lord of the people).