महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-57, verse-18

उदवासं वसेद्यस्तु स नराधिपतिर्भवेत् ।
सत्यवादी नरश्रेष्ठ दैवतैः सह मोदते ॥१८॥

18. udavāsaṁ vasedyastu sa narādhipatirbhavet ,
satyavādī naraśreṣṭha daivataiḥ saha modate.

18. udavāsam vaset yaḥ tu saḥ narādhipatiḥ bhavet
satyavādī naraśreṣṭhaḥ daivataiḥ saha modate

18. yaḥ tu udavāsam vaset saḥ narādhipatiḥ bhavet
satyavādī naraśreṣṭhaḥ daivataiḥ saha modate

18. Whoever lives away from home (or in a foreign land) becomes a ruler of men. A truth-speaker, who is foremost among people, rejoices together with the deities.

Words meanings summery:

• उदवासम् (udavāsam) - living away from home, living in a foreign land, living in exile

• वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell, should live

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• नराधिपतिः (narādhipatiḥ) - lord of men, king, ruler

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, becomes

• सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truth-speaker, truthful person

• नरश्रेष्ठः (naraśreṣṭhaḥ) - best among men, foremost among men

• दैवतैः (daivataiḥ) - with the deities, with the gods

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• मोदते (modate) - rejoices, delights

Words meanings and morphology

उदवासम् (udavāsam) - living away from home, living in a foreign land, living in exile

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udavāsa

udavāsa - living in a foreign country, living away from home, living in exile

From prefix ud + root vas (to dwell)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ud+vāsa)

• ud – up, out, forth
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• vāsa – dwelling, residence, abode
  noun (masculine)
  From root vas (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell, should live

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vas

Optative mood, active voice

Root vas (to dwell), class 1, Parasmaipada.

Root: vas (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

(indeclinable)

Particle

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

Demonstrative pronoun

नराधिपतिः (narādhipatiḥ) - lord of men, king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipati

narādhipati - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound of nara (man) and adhipati (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipati)

• nara – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipati – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, active voice

Root bhū (to be), class 1, Parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truth-speaker, truthful person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - truth-speaking, truthful

Agent noun

Formed from satya (truth) + vādin (speaker, from root vad)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaker, speaking
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as a noun.

नरश्रेष्ठः (naraśreṣṭhaḥ) - best among men, foremost among men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men, foremost among men

Compound of nara (man) and śreṣṭha (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

दैवतैः (daivataiḥ) - with the deities, with the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of daivata

daivata - deity, god, divine being

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Preposition/Postposition governing instrumental case

मोदते (modate) - rejoices, delights

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of mud

Present tense, active voice

Root mud (to rejoice), class 1, Atmanepada.

Root: mud (class 1)