महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-57, verse-28

प्रयच्छते यः कपिलां सचैलां कांस्योपदोहां कनकाग्रशृङ्गीम् ।
तैस्तैर्गुणैः कामदुघास्य भूत्वा नरं प्रदातारमुपैति सा गौः ॥२८॥

28. prayacchate yaḥ kapilāṁ sacailāṁ; kāṁsyopadohāṁ kanakāgraśṛṅgīm ,
taistairguṇaiḥ kāmadughāsya bhūtvā; naraṁ pradātāramupaiti sā gauḥ.

28. prayacchate yaḥ kapilām sacailām
kāṃsyopadohām kanakāgraśṛṅgīm taiḥ
taiḥ guṇaiḥ kāmadughā asya bhūtvā
naram pradātāram upaiti sā gauḥ

28. yaḥ sacailām kāṃsyopadohām kanakāgraśṛṅgīm kapilām prayacchate,
sā gauḥ taiḥ taiḥ guṇaiḥ asya kāmadughā bhūtvā pradātāram naram upaiti

28. The man who donates a tawny cow, complete with garments, a brass milking pail, and golden-tipped horns—that very cow, becoming his wish-granting cow (kāmadughā) through those qualities, serves that giver.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रयच्छते (prayacchate) - donates (gives, offers, grants)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• कपिलाम् (kapilām) - a tawny cow (a tawny, brownish cow)

• सचैलाम् (sacailām) - along with garments (with clothes, dressed)

• कांस्योपदोहाम् (kāṁsyopadohām) - having a brass milking pail

• कनकाग्रशृङ्गीम् (kanakāgraśṛṅgīm) - having golden-tipped horns

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (by those, with those)

• तैः (taiḥ) - those very (by those, with those)

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - through qualities (by qualities, by virtues)

• कामदुघा (kāmadughā) - wish-granting cow (wish-fulfilling (cow))

• अस्य (asya) - his (of him, his)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having become, being)

• नरम् (naram) - the man (man, human being)

• प्रदातारम् (pradātāram) - the giver (the giver, the donor)

• उपैति (upaiti) - serves (approaches, obtains, comes to)

• सा (sā) - that (cow) (that, she)

• गौः (gauḥ) - the cow (cow, ox)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रयच्छते (prayacchate) - donates (gives, offers, grants)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of pra-yam

Present middle indicative

From pra- (prefix) + yam (root 'to restrain, give'), 1st conjugation, ātmanepada, strengthened stem yacch.

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Verb for yaḥ.

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of prayacchate.

कपिलाम् (kapilām) - a tawny cow (a tawny, brownish cow)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kapilā

kapilā - tawny, brownish; a tawny cow

Feminine form of kapila.

Note: Object of prayacchate.

सचैलाम् (sacailām) - along with garments (with clothes, dressed)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sacailā

sacailā - with clothes, dressed, wearing clothes

Bahuvrīhi compound. sa (with) + caila (garment).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+caila)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• caila – garment, cloth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with kapilām.

कांस्योपदोहाम् (kāṁsyopadohām) - having a brass milking pail

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāṃsyopadohā

kāṁsyopadohā - having a milking vessel of bell-metal/bronze/brass

Bahuvrīhi compound. kāṃsya (brass/bronze) + upadoha (milking vessel).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (kāṃsya+upadoha)

• kāṃsya – brass, bronze, bell-metal
  noun (neuter)
• upadoha – milking, a milking vessel
  noun (masculine)
  From upa- (prefix) + duh (root 'to milk') + ghañ (suffix).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: duh (class 2)

Note: Agrees with kapilām.

कनकाग्रशृङ्गीम् (kanakāgraśṛṅgīm) - having golden-tipped horns

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanakāgraśṛṅgī

kanakāgraśṛṅgī - having horns with golden tips

Bahuvrīhi compound. kanaka (gold) + agra (tip) + śṛṅga (horn).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (kanaka+agra+śṛṅga)

• kanaka – gold
  noun (neuter)
• agra – tip, top, front
  noun (neuter)
• śṛṅga – horn
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with kapilām.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (by those, with those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

तैः (taiḥ) - those very (by those, with those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Repetition of tad in instrumental plural for emphasis, meaning 'those very' or 'all those'.

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - through qualities (by qualities, by virtues)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, strand, attribute

कामदुघा (kāmadughā) - wish-granting cow (wish-fulfilling (cow))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kāmadughā

kāmadughā - wish-fulfilling (cow), granting desires

Compound: kāma (desire) + dughā (milking, yielding). Feminine form of kāmaduha.

Compound type : Upapada Tatpurusha (kāma+dughā)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• dughā – milking, yielding (feminine form)
  adjective/noun (feminine)
  Feminine of dugha, from root duh (to milk, yield).
  Root: duh (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for sā gauḥ (cow).

अस्य (asya) - his (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Possessive, 'his (cow)'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having become, being)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root bhū + ktvā suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नरम् (naram) - the man (man, human being)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human, person

Root: nṛ

प्रदातारम् (pradātāram) - the giver (the giver, the donor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pradātṛ

pradātṛ - giver, donor, bestower

Agent noun

From pra- (prefix) + dā (root 'to give') + tṛ (suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with naram.

उपैति (upaiti) - serves (approaches, obtains, comes to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of upa-i

Present active indicative

From upa- (prefix) + i (root 'to go'), 2nd conjugation, parasmaipada.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

सा (sā) - that (cow) (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Feminine nominative singular of tad.

गौः (gauḥ) - the cow (cow, ox)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, earth, ray of light

Note: Subject of upaiti.