महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-57, verse-41

पितामहस्यानुचरो वीरशायी भवेन्नरः ।
नाधिकं विद्यते तस्मादित्याहुः परमर्षयः ॥४१॥

41. pitāmahasyānucaro vīraśāyī bhavennaraḥ ,
nādhikaṁ vidyate tasmādityāhuḥ paramarṣayaḥ.

41. pitāmahasya anucaraḥ vīraśāyī bhavet naraḥ na
adhikam vidyate tasmāt iti āhuḥ paramarṣayaḥ

41. naraḥ pitāmahasya anucaraḥ vīraśāyī bhavet
tasmāt adhikam na vidyate iti paramarṣayaḥ āhuḥ

41. That man becomes a follower of Brahmā (pitāmaha) and a heroic warrior; the great sages (paramarṣayaḥ) say that there is nothing greater than this.

Words meanings summery:

• पितामहस्य (pitāmahasya) - of Brahmā (pitāmaha) (of the paternal grandfather, of Brahmā)

• अनुचरः (anucaraḥ) - a follower (follower, attendant)

• वीरशायी (vīraśāyī) - a heroic warrior (lying down bravely, heroic warrior, sleeping like a hero)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes (should be, may be, becomes)

• नरः (naraḥ) - that man (man, human being)

• न (na) - not

• अधिकम् (adhikam) - anything greater (more, greater, superior)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is found)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - than that (state/result) (from that, therefore, than that)

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating quoted speech) (thus, so, in this way)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say (they say, they said)

• परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - the great sages (paramarṣayaḥ) (great sages, supreme seers)

Words meanings and morphology

पितामहस्य (pitāmahasya) - of Brahmā (pitāmaha) (of the paternal grandfather, of Brahmā)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, Brahmā (as the creator grandfather)

Compound of 'pitṛ' (father) and 'maha' (great).

Note: Possessive, governing 'anucaraḥ'.

अनुचरः (anucaraḥ) - a follower (follower, attendant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anucara

anucara - follower, attendant, companion

From 'anu' + root 'car' (to move, to follow).

Prefix: anu

Root: car (class 1)

वीरशायी (vīraśāyī) - a heroic warrior (lying down bravely, heroic warrior, sleeping like a hero)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīraśāyin

vīraśāyin - sleeping like a hero, dying a hero's death, a heroic warrior

Agent noun/adjective

From 'vīra' (hero) + 'śāyin' (lying, sleeping). Implies one who lies down heroically, i.e., dies a hero's death, or is a brave warrior.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīra+śāyin)

• vīra – hero, brave, valorous
  noun (masculine)
• śāyin – lying, sleeping, resting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root śī (to lie down) with suffix -in.
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Refers to the man who performs the action.

भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes (should be, may be, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root 'bhū' (1st class, bhvādi) used in optative.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - that man (man, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'adhikam vidyate'.

अधिकम् (adhikam) - anything greater (more, greater, superior)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adhika

adhika - additional, exceeding, superior, greater

From 'adhi' (over, above) + 'ka' (suffix).

Note: Functions as the object of existence ("nothing greater exists").

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is found)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular.

Root 'vid' (4th class, divādi, usually 'vidya') in the middle voice.

Root: vid (class 4)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - than that (state/result) (from that, therefore, than that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Ablative form.

Note: Comparison.

इति (iti) - thus (indicating quoted speech) (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say (they say, they said)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person plural (irregular).

Root 'ah' (irregular perfect).

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Lexicalized perfect used as present.

परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - the great sages (paramarṣayaḥ) (great sages, supreme seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramarṣi

paramarṣi - great sage, supreme seer

Compound of 'parama' (supreme, greatest) and 'ṛṣi' (sage, seer).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+ṛṣi)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent, principal
  adjective (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)