महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-57, verse-36

पुष्पोपगं वाथ फलोपगं वा यः पादपं स्पर्शयते द्विजाय ।
स स्त्रीसमृद्धं बहुरत्नपूर्णं लभत्ययत्नोपगतं गृहं वै ॥३६॥

36. puṣpopagaṁ vātha phalopagaṁ vā; yaḥ pādapaṁ sparśayate dvijāya ,
sa strīsamṛddhaṁ bahuratnapūrṇaṁ; labhatyayatnopagataṁ gṛhaṁ vai.

36. puṣpopagaṃ vā atha phalopagaṃ vā
yaḥ pādapaṃ sparśayate dvijāya
sa strīsamṛddhaṃ bahuratnapūrṇaṃ
labhati ayatnopagataṃ gṛhaṃ vai

36. yaḥ puṣpopagaṃ vā atha phalopagaṃ
vā pādapaṃ dvijāya sparśayate
sa strīsamṛddhaṃ bahuratnapūrṇaṃ
ayatnopagataṃ gṛhaṃ vai labhati

36. Whoever gives a tree laden with flowers or one laden with fruit to a twice-born (dvija), he indeed obtains a house that is rich in women and filled with many jewels, acquired effortlessly.

Words meanings summery:

• पुष्पोपगं (puṣpopagaṁ) - a tree that has flowers (having flowers, covered with flowers)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• अथ (atha) - or, (as connective) (now, then, moreover, and)

• फलोपगं (phalopagaṁ) - a tree that bears fruit (having fruit, covered with fruit)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (relative pronoun referring to the donor) (who, whoever, which)

• पादपं (pādapaṁ) - a tree, a plant (tree (lit. 'foot-drinker'))

• स्पर्शयते (sparśayate) - gives (to someone) (causes to touch, causes to feel, gives)

• द्विजाय (dvijāya) - to a twice-born (dvija), referring to a brāhmaṇa (to a twice-born, to a brāhmaṇa, to a bird, to a snake, to a tooth)

• स (sa) - he (referring to 'yaḥ', the donor) (he, that)

• स्त्रीसमृद्धं (strīsamṛddhaṁ) - a house with many women (perhaps wives, maidservants, etc.) (rich in women, abounding in women)

• बहुरत्नपूर्णं (bahuratnapūrṇaṁ) - a house containing a large number of precious stones (filled with many jewels, full of many gems)

• लभति (labhati) - the donor obtains (obtains, gets, receives)

• अयत्नोपगतं (ayatnopagataṁ) - a house that comes without effort or difficulty (effortlessly obtained, easily acquired)

• गृहं (gṛhaṁ) - a dwelling place (a house, home)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly, verily)

Words meanings and morphology

पुष्पोपगं (puṣpopagaṁ) - a tree that has flowers (having flowers, covered with flowers)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puṣpopaga

puṣpopaga - covered with flowers, bearing flowers

Compound type : bahuvrihi (puṣpa+upaga)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: puṣ (class 4)
• upaga – going to, near, accompanied by, furnished with, covered with
  adjective (masculine)
  from upa-gam + -a
  Prefix: upa
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pādapam'

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - or, (as connective) (now, then, moreover, and)

(indeclinable)

फलोपगं (phalopagaṁ) - a tree that bears fruit (having fruit, covered with fruit)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of phalopaga

phalopaga - covered with fruit, bearing fruit

Compound type : bahuvrihi (phala+upaga)

• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)
• upaga – going to, near, accompanied by, furnished with, covered with
  adjective (masculine)
  from upa-gam + -a
  Prefix: upa
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pādapam'

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (relative pronoun referring to the donor) (who, whoever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

पादपं (pādapaṁ) - a tree, a plant (tree (lit. 'foot-drinker'))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pādapa

pādapa - tree, plant (lit. 'that which drinks by its feet/roots')

from pāda (foot/root) + pa (drinker, from root pā)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root, quarter
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

स्पर्शयते (sparśayate) - gives (to someone) (causes to touch, causes to feel, gives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of spṛś

Causative active 3rd singular

from root spṛś, causative stem sparśaya

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: This is an ātmanepada (middle voice) ending for a causative verb.

द्विजाय (dvijāya) - to a twice-born (dvija), referring to a brāhmaṇa (to a twice-born, to a brāhmaṇa, to a bird, to a snake, to a tooth)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya), bird, snake, tooth

from dvi (two) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
  numeral prefix
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  kṛt (suffix)
  from root jan + -a
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The instruction mentions `dvijena` example, here `dvijāya`. Translating 'twice-born (dvija)' is appropriate.

स (sa) - he (referring to 'yaḥ', the donor) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स्त्रीसमृद्धं (strīsamṛddhaṁ) - a house with many women (perhaps wives, maidservants, etc.) (rich in women, abounding in women)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of strīsamṛddha

strīsamṛddha - rich in women, abounding in women

Compound type : bahuvrihi (strī+samṛddha)

• strī – woman, wife, female
  noun (feminine)
• samṛddha – prosperous, rich, abundant, complete, thriving
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from sam-ṛdh
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛham'

बहुरत्नपूर्णं (bahuratnapūrṇaṁ) - a house containing a large number of precious stones (filled with many jewels, full of many gems)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuratnapūrṇa

bahuratnapūrṇa - filled with many jewels

Compound type : tatpurusha (bahuratna+pūrṇa)

• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
• ratna – jewel, gem, treasure
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from pṛ/pur (to fill)
  Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛham'

लभति (labhati) - the donor obtains (obtains, gets, receives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of labh

Present active 3rd singular

from root labh

Root: labh (class 1)

अयत्नोपगतं (ayatnopagataṁ) - a house that comes without effort or difficulty (effortlessly obtained, easily acquired)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ayatnopagata

ayatnopagata - effortlessly obtained, easily acquired

Compound type : tatpurusha (ayatna+upagata)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• yatna – effort, exertion, endeavor
  noun (masculine)
  from yat + -na
  Root: yat (class 1)
• upagata – approached, attained, obtained, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from upa-gam
  Prefix: upa
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛham'

गृहं (gṛhaṁ) - a dwelling place (a house, home)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

Root: gṛh

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)