महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-57, verse-40

सुगन्धचित्रास्तरणोपपन्नं दद्यान्नरो यः शयनं द्विजाय ।
रूपान्वितां पक्षवतीं मनोज्ञां भार्यामयत्नोपगतां लभेत्सः ॥४०॥

40. sugandhacitrāstaraṇopapannaṁ; dadyānnaro yaḥ śayanaṁ dvijāya ,
rūpānvitāṁ pakṣavatīṁ manojñāṁ; bhāryāmayatnopagatāṁ labhetsaḥ.

40. sugandhacitrāstaraṇopapannam
dadyāt naraḥ yaḥ śayanam dvijāya
rūpānvitām pakṣavatīm manojñām
bhāryām ayatnopagatām labheta saḥ

40. yaḥ naraḥ sugandhacitrāstaraṇopapannam
śayanam dvijāya dadyāt
saḥ rūpānvitām pakṣavatīm manojñām
ayatnopagatām bhāryām labheta

40. The man who gives a bed, furnished with fragrant and colorful coverings, to a brahmin obtains effortlessly a beautiful, devoted, and charming wife.

Words meanings summery:

• सुगन्धचित्रास्तरणोपपन्नम् (sugandhacitrāstaraṇopapannam) - furnished with fragrant and colorful coverings (endowed with fragrant and varied coverings/spreads)

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - gives (should give, may give, gives)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man (man, human being)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, which)

• शयनम् (śayanam) - a bed (a bed, sleeping place)

• द्विजाय (dvijāya) - to a brahmin (to a brahmin, to a twice-born)

• रूपान्विताम् (rūpānvitām) - endowed with beauty (endowed with beauty, beautiful)

• पक्षवतीम् (pakṣavatīm) - devoted (to him) (having a side/party, devoted, faithful)

• मनोज्ञाम् (manojñām) - charming (charming, pleasing to the mind, beautiful)

• भार्याम् (bhāryām) - a wife (wife, consort)

• अयत्नोपगताम् (ayatnopagatām) - obtained effortlessly (obtained without effort, easily attained)

• लभेत (labheta) - obtains (should obtain, may obtain, obtains)

• सः (saḥ) - he (that man) (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

सुगन्धचित्रास्तरणोपपन्नम् (sugandhacitrāstaraṇopapannam) - furnished with fragrant and colorful coverings (endowed with fragrant and varied coverings/spreads)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sugandhacitrāstaraṇopapanna

sugandhacitrāstaraṇopapanna - provided with fragrant and colorful bedspreads

Compound of 'sugandha' (fragrant) + 'citra' (varied, colorful) + 'āstaraṇa' (covering, bedspread) + 'upapanna' (endowed with).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sugandha+citra+āstaraṇa+upapanna)

• sugandha – fragrant, sweet-smelling
  adjective (masculine)
  Su (good) + gandha (smell).
  Prefix: su
• citra – bright, clear, variegated, wonderful, picture
  adjective (masculine)
• āstaraṇa – spreading, cover, bedspread, carpet
  noun (neuter)
  From 'ā' + root 'stṛ' (to spread).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: stṛ (class 9)
• upapanna – endowed with, furnished with, fit, proper
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'upa' + root 'pad' (to go, to fall).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śayanam'.

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - gives (should give, may give, gives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root 'dā' (3rd class, juhotyādi) used in optative.

Root: dā (class 3)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man (man, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Note: Refers to 'naraḥ'.

शयनम् (śayanam) - a bed (a bed, sleeping place)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - sleeping, a bed, couch, resting place

Derived from 'śī' (to lie down) with 'lyuṭ' suffix.

Root: śī (class 2)

द्विजाय (dvijāya) - to a brahmin (to a brahmin, to a twice-born)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (epithet for brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya, bird, tooth)

Note: Object to whom something is given.

रूपान्विताम् (rūpānvitām) - endowed with beauty (endowed with beauty, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rūpānvita

rūpānvita - endowed with beauty, beautiful

Compound of 'rūpa' (form, beauty) and 'anvita' (accompanied, endowed with).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rūpa+anvita)

• rūpa – form, shape, beauty, appearance
  noun (neuter)
• anvita – accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'anu' + root 'i' (to go).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

पक्षवतीम् (pakṣavatīm) - devoted (to him) (having a side/party, devoted, faithful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pakṣavat

pakṣavat - having wings, sided, attached to a party, devoted, faithful

Possessive suffix 'matup' added to 'pakṣa' (side, party, wing).

Note: Qualifies 'bhāryām'.

मनोज्ञाम् (manojñām) - charming (charming, pleasing to the mind, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of manojña

manojña - pleasing to the mind, charming, beautiful, agreeable

Compound of 'manas' (mind) + 'jñā' (to know, to please).

Root: jñā (class 9)

भार्याम् (bhāryām) - a wife (wife, consort)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, consort

Gerundive

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) with 'ṇyat' suffix. "One who should be supported/maintained."

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

अयत्नोपगताम् (ayatnopagatām) - obtained effortlessly (obtained without effort, easily attained)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayatnopagata

ayatnopagata - obtained without effort, easily attained

Compound of 'ayatna' (without effort) and 'upagata' (attained, approached).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ayatna+upagata)

• ayatna – absence of effort, ease, without effort
  noun (masculine)
  Negative compound 'a' (not) + 'yatna' (effort).
• upagata – approached, attained, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'upa' + root 'gam' (to go).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: gam (class 1)

लभेत (labheta) - obtains (should obtain, may obtain, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of labh

Optative mood, middle voice, 3rd person singular.

Root 'labh' (1st class, bhvādi) used in optative, middle voice.

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: The root 'labh' often takes the middle voice.

सः (saḥ) - he (that man) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'labheta'.