महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-57, verse-8

बाहोः पुत्रेण राज्ञा च सगरेणेह धीमता ।
असमञ्जाः सुतो ज्येष्ठस्त्यक्तः पौरहितैषिणा ॥८॥

8. bāhoḥ putreṇa rājñā ca sagareṇeha dhīmatā ,
asamañjāḥ suto jyeṣṭhastyaktaḥ paurahitaiṣiṇā.

8. bāhoḥ putreṇa rājñā ca sagareṇa iha dhīmatā
asamañjāḥ sutaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ tyaktaḥ paurahitaṣiṇā

8. iha ca bāhoḥ putreṇa dhīmatā paurahitaṣiṇā
rājñā sagareṇa jyeṣṭhaḥ sutaḥ asamañjāḥ tyaktaḥ

8. Here, by the wise King Sagara, son of Bāhu, who was a well-wisher of his citizens (paura-hita-eṣin), his eldest son, Asamañjas, was abandoned.

Words meanings summery:

• बाहोः (bāhoḥ) - of Bāhu

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by the son

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• च (ca) - and

• सगरेण (sagareṇa) - by Sagara

• इह (iha) - in this matter, thus (here, in this world, thus)

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the intelligent, by the wise

• असमञ्जाः (asamañjāḥ) - Asamañjas (proper name)

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - eldest, senior, best

• त्यक्तः (tyaktaḥ) - abandoned, forsaken, renounced

• पौरहितैषिणा (paurahitaiṣiṇā) - by the one wishing the welfare of the citizens

Words meanings and morphology

बाहोः (bāhoḥ) - of Bāhu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bāhu

bāhu - Bāhu (a king's name), arm

Note: Possessive, modifies putreṇa.

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by the son

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Sagara.

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj

Note: Refers to Sagara.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सगरेण (sagareṇa) - by Sagara

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Sagara (name of a famous king of Ayodhya)

इह (iha) - in this matter, thus (here, in this world, thus)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place/manner.

धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the intelligent, by the wise

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, discerning

From dhī (intellect) + matup suffix.

असमञ्जाः (asamañjāḥ) - Asamañjas (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asamañjas

asamañjas - Asamañjas (name of the eldest son of King Sagara, known for his wicked deeds)

Note: Subject of the passive verb tyaktaḥ.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Past Passive Participle

From root sū (to beget).

Root: sū (class 2)

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - eldest, senior, best

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior, principal, best, most excellent

Superlative form of vṛddha (old).

त्यक्तः (tyaktaḥ) - abandoned, forsaken, renounced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyakta

tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up, left

Past Passive Participle

From root tyaj (to abandon).

Root: tyaj (class 1)

पौरहितैषिणा (paurahitaiṣiṇā) - by the one wishing the welfare of the citizens

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of paurahitaiṣin

paurahitaiṣin - wishing the welfare of the citizens

From paura-hita (citizen's welfare) + eṣin (desiring).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paura+hita+eṣin)

• paura – citizen, townsman
  noun (masculine)
• hita – beneficial, welfare, good
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place), PPP, used as noun/adjective.
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• eṣin – desiring, seeking, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root iṣ (to wish)
  From root iṣ (to wish, desire) with suffix -in.
  Root: iṣ (class 6)