महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-57, verse-38

यः सत्करोति ज्ञानानि नेयः पौरहिते रतः ।
सतां धर्मानुगस्त्यागी स राजा राज्यमर्हति ॥३८॥

38. yaḥ satkaroti jñānāni neyaḥ paurahite rataḥ ,
satāṁ dharmānugastyāgī sa rājā rājyamarhati.

38. yaḥ satkaroti jñānāni neyaḥ paurahite rataḥ
satām dharmānugaḥ tyāgī saḥ rājā rājyam arhati

38. yaḥ jñānāni satkaroti paurahite neyaḥ rataḥ
satām dharmānugaḥ tyāgī saḥ rājā rājyam arhati

38. That king who honors knowledge, is amenable and devoted to the welfare of his citizens, who follows the intrinsic nature (dharma) of virtuous people, and is self-controlled, such a king is worthy of the kingdom.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• सत्करोति (satkaroti) - honors, respects, treats well

• ज्ञानानि (jñānāni) - knowledges, sciences, insights

• नेयः (neyaḥ) - open to guidance and instruction (to be led, guided, amenable, docile)

• पौरहिते (paurahite) - in the welfare of citizens, concerning citizen's benefit

• रतः (rataḥ) - devoted to, engaged in, pleased with

• सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous, of good people

• धर्मानुगः (dharmānugaḥ) - following natural law, adherent to duty, righteous

• त्यागी (tyāgī) - renunciant, abandoner, self-controlled

• सः (saḥ) - that (king)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, reign

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

सत्करोति (satkaroti) - honors, respects, treats well

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of satkṛ

Prefix: sat

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ज्ञानानि (jñānāni) - knowledges, sciences, insights

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, understanding, wisdom, science

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Can also be nominative plural

नेयः (neyaḥ) - open to guidance and instruction (to be led, guided, amenable, docile)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of neya

neya - to be led, guided, controllable, amenable

Gerundive/Passive Future Participle

Derived from root nī (to lead) with the suffix -ya.

Root: nī (class 1)

पौरहिते (paurahite) - in the welfare of citizens, concerning citizen's benefit

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of paurahita

paurahita - welfare of citizens, civic good

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (paura+hita)

• paura – citizen, townsman
  noun (masculine)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā (to place, to put).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

रतः (rataḥ) - devoted to, engaged in, pleased with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - devoted, attached, engaged in, pleased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ram (to delight, to sport).

Root: ram (class 1)

सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous, of good people

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, true, existing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

धर्मानुगः (dharmānugaḥ) - following natural law, adherent to duty, righteous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmānuga

dharmānuga - following natural law (dharma), adherent to duty or righteousness

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dharma+anuga)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• anuga – following, accompanying, conformable to
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

त्यागी (tyāgī) - renunciant, abandoner, self-controlled

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyāgin

tyāgin - renunciant, abandoner, generous, self-controlled

Derived from root tyaj (to abandon) with suffix -in.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that (king)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, reign

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, government

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)