महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-57, verse-23
शूरान्भक्तानसंहार्यान्कुले जातानरोगिणः ।
शिष्टाञ्शिष्टाभिसंबन्धान्मानिनो नावमानिनः ॥२३॥
शिष्टाञ्शिष्टाभिसंबन्धान्मानिनो नावमानिनः ॥२३॥
23. śūrānbhaktānasaṁhāryānkule jātānarogiṇaḥ ,
śiṣṭāñśiṣṭābhisaṁbandhānmānino nāvamāninaḥ.
śiṣṭāñśiṣṭābhisaṁbandhānmānino nāvamāninaḥ.
23.
śūrān bhaktān asaṃhāryān kule jātān aroginaḥ
śiṣṭān śiṣṭābhisambandhān māninaḥ na avamāninaḥ
śiṣṭān śiṣṭābhisambandhān māninaḥ na avamāninaḥ
23.
śūrān bhaktān asaṃhāryān kule jātān aroginaḥ śiṣṭān
śiṣṭābhisambandhān māninaḥ na avamāninaḥ (janān yuñjīta)
śiṣṭābhisambandhān māninaḥ na avamāninaḥ (janān yuñjīta)
23.
One should choose those who are brave, devoted, unconquerable, born in good families, free from disease, disciplined, well-connected with other disciplined people, self-respecting, and not prone to dishonoring others.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शूरान् (śūrān) - brave (people) (brave, valorous, heroic (ones))
- भक्तान् (bhaktān) - devoted (people) (devoted, faithful, loyal (ones))
- असंहार्यान् (asaṁhāryān) - unconquerable (unconquerable, indestructible, irreversible)
- कुले (kule) - in (noble) families (in a family, in a lineage)
- जातान् (jātān) - born (in families) (born, produced, arisen (ones))
- अरोगिनः (aroginaḥ) - free from disease (free from disease, healthy (ones))
- शिष्टान् (śiṣṭān) - disciplined (people) (disciplined, educated, polite, virtuous (ones))
- शिष्टाभिसम्बन्धान् (śiṣṭābhisambandhān) - well-connected with disciplined people (connected with disciplined people, having good relations)
- मानिनः (māninaḥ) - self-respecting (proud, self-respecting, honorable (ones))
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- अवमानिनः (avamāninaḥ) - not prone to dishonoring others (disrespectful, dishonoring, humiliating (ones))
Words meanings and morphology
शूरान् (śūrān) - brave (people) (brave, valorous, heroic (ones))
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra
śūra - brave, valorous, heroic; a hero, warrior
भक्तान् (bhaktān) - devoted (people) (devoted, faithful, loyal (ones))
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bhakta
bhakta - devoted, faithful, loyal; a devotee
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the root bhaj (to distribute, to participate in, to worship).
Root: bhaj (class 1)
असंहार्यान् (asaṁhāryān) - unconquerable (unconquerable, indestructible, irreversible)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of asaṃhārya
asaṁhārya - unconquerable, indestructible, irresistible, irreversible
Negative Gerundive
Formed from a- (negation) and saṃhārya (gerundive of sam-hṛ, 'to destroy, conquer').
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃhārya)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - saṃhārya – to be destroyed, to be conquered, destructible
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
Gerundive of sam-hṛ (to destroy, conquer, collect).
Prefix: sam
Root: hṛ (class 1)
कुले (kule) - in (noble) families (in a family, in a lineage)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kula
kula - family, lineage, race, community, noble family
जातान् (jātān) - born (in families) (born, produced, arisen (ones))
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of jāta
jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the root jan (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
अरोगिनः (aroginaḥ) - free from disease (free from disease, healthy (ones))
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of arogin
arogin - free from disease, healthy, not sick
Formed from a- (negation) and rogin (sick, diseased).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rogin)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - rogin – sick, diseased, ill
adjective (masculine)
From roga (disease) with the possessive suffix -in.
शिष्टान् (śiṣṭān) - disciplined (people) (disciplined, educated, polite, virtuous (ones))
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śiṣṭa
śiṣṭa - disciplined, educated, polite, virtuous, well-behaved
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the root śiṣ (to instruct, to discipline).
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
शिष्टाभिसम्बन्धान् (śiṣṭābhisambandhān) - well-connected with disciplined people (connected with disciplined people, having good relations)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śiṣṭābhisambandha
śiṣṭābhisambandha - connection with disciplined or virtuous people; having such connections
Tatpuruṣa compound of śiṣṭa (disciplined) and abhisambandha (connection).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śiṣṭa+abhisambandha)
- śiṣṭa – disciplined, educated, polite, virtuous
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the root śiṣ (to instruct, to discipline).
Root: śiṣ (class 7) - abhisambandha – connection, relation, contact, intimate union
noun (masculine)
From root bandh (to bind) with prefixes abhi and sam.
Prefixes: abhi+sam
Root: bandh (class 9)
मानिनः (māninaḥ) - self-respecting (proud, self-respecting, honorable (ones))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mānin
mānin - proud, honorable, self-respecting, considering oneself as...
Agent adjective formed from the root man (to think, believe) with suffix -in.
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Could also be accusative plural if the context implies the object of selection.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
अवमानिनः (avamāninaḥ) - not prone to dishonoring others (disrespectful, dishonoring, humiliating (ones))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of avamānin
avamānin - disrespectful, dishonoring, humiliating
Agent adjective formed from ava-man (to disrespect, despise) with suffix -in.
Prefix: ava
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Could also be accusative plural if the context implies the object of selection.