महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-57, verse-15

चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य धर्माश्च रक्षितव्या महीक्षिता ।
धर्मसंकररक्षा हि राज्ञां धर्मः सनातनः ॥१५॥

15. cāturvarṇyasya dharmāśca rakṣitavyā mahīkṣitā ,
dharmasaṁkararakṣā hi rājñāṁ dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ.

15. cāturvarṇyasya dharmāḥ ca rakṣitavyā mahīkṣitā
dharmasaṃkararakṣā hi rājñāṃ dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ

15. mahīkṣitā cāturvarṇyasya dharmāḥ ca rakṣitavyā
hi rājñāṃ dharmasaṃkararakṣā sanātanaḥ dharmaḥ

15. The duties (dharma) of the four social classes must be protected by the ruler. Indeed, for kings, the protection against the mixing of the different aspects of natural law (dharma) is an eternal duty (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य (cāturvarṇyasya) - of the four social classes, of the four varṇas

• धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - duties (dharma), laws, righteous conducts

• च (ca) - and

• रक्षितव्या (rakṣitavyā) - should be protected, ought to be guarded

• महीक्षिता (mahīkṣitā) - by the king, by the ruler of the earth

• धर्मसंकररक्षा (dharmasaṁkararakṣā) - protection from the confusion/mixing of duties (dharma)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• राज्ञां (rājñāṁ) - of kings, for kings

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), duty, constitution

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, ancient, perpetual

Words meanings and morphology

चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य (cāturvarṇyasya) - of the four social classes, of the four varṇas

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of cāturvarṇya

cāturvarṇya - the system of four social classes (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya, Śūdra), the four varṇas

From 'caturvarṇa' (four varṇas) + 'ya' suffix

धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - duties (dharma), laws, righteous conducts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteous conduct, duty, religious merit, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रक्षितव्या (rakṣitavyā) - should be protected, ought to be guarded

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rakṣitavya

rakṣitavya - to be protected, to be guarded

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root 'rakṣ' + suffix '-tavya'

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

महीक्षिता (mahīkṣitā) - by the king, by the ruler of the earth

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, ruler of the earth

From 'mahī' (earth) + 'kṣit' (ruler, dweller, owner)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – ruler, dweller, owner
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṣi' (to dwell, to rule)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

धर्मसंकररक्षा (dharmasaṁkararakṣā) - protection from the confusion/mixing of duties (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmasaṃkararakṣā

dharmasaṁkararakṣā - the act of protecting against the intermixture or confusion of (dharma) duties

Compound of 'dharma', 'saṃkara', and 'rakṣā'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+saṃkara+rakṣā)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteous conduct, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• saṃkara – mixture, confusion, intermixture of castes/duties
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam-kṛ' (to mix)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• rakṣā – protection, guarding, defense
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'rakṣ'
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

राज्ञां (rājñāṁ) - of kings, for kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), duty, constitution

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteous conduct, duty, religious merit, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, ancient, perpetual

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, everlasting, ancient, perpetual

From 'sanā' (always) + 'tana' suffix