महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-101, verse-47
क्ष्वेडाः किलकिलाः शङ्खाः क्रकचा गोविषाणिकान् ।
भेरीमृदङ्गपणवान्नादयेयुश्च कुञ्जरान् ॥४७॥
भेरीमृदङ्गपणवान्नादयेयुश्च कुञ्जरान् ॥४७॥
47. kṣveḍāḥ kilakilāḥ śaṅkhāḥ krakacā goviṣāṇikān ,
bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇavānnādayeyuśca kuñjarān.
bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇavānnādayeyuśca kuñjarān.
47.
kṣveḍāḥ kilakilāḥ śaṅkhāḥ krakacāḥ goviṣāṇikān
bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇavān nādayeyuḥ ca kuñjarān
bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇavān nādayeyuḥ ca kuñjarān
47.
kṣveḍāḥ kilakilāḥ śaṅkhāḥ krakacāḥ goviṣāṇikān
bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇavān ca kuñjarān nādayeyuḥ
bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇavān ca kuñjarān nādayeyuḥ
47.
They should make loud roars, joyous shouts, conch shells, sawing sounds, cow horns, battle drums (bherī), hand drums (mṛdaṅga), and kettledrums (paṇava) resound, and also cause the elephants to roar.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- क्ष्वेडाः (kṣveḍāḥ) - roars, loud shouts
- किलकिलाः (kilakilāḥ) - joyous shouts, exultant cries
- शङ्खाः (śaṅkhāḥ) - conch shells
- क्रकचाः (krakacāḥ) - sawing sounds, harsh cries (or saws as instruments for sound)
- गोविषाणिकान् (goviṣāṇikān) - cow horns (small horns)
- भेरीमृदङ्गपणवान् (bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇavān) - bherī drums, mṛdaṅga drums, and paṇava drums
- नादयेयुः (nādayeyuḥ) - they should cause to sound, they should make resound, they should make roar
- च (ca) - and, also
- कुञ्जरान् (kuñjarān) - elephants
Words meanings and morphology
क्ष्वेडाः (kṣveḍāḥ) - roars, loud shouts
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of kṣveḍā
kṣveḍā - a roar, a loud sound, a hiss, a war-cry
Note: Though typically nominative plural, the context implies accusative function as objects of 'nādayeyuḥ'.
किलकिलाः (kilakilāḥ) - joyous shouts, exultant cries
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of kilakilā
kilakilā - a joyous shout, a confused cry of joy, an exultant cry
Note: Though typically nominative plural, the context implies accusative function as objects of 'nādayeyuḥ'.
शङ्खाः (śaṅkhāḥ) - conch shells
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śaṅkha
śaṅkha - conch shell, a kind of musical instrument
Note: Despite being grammatically Nominative Plural for a masculine a-stem, context suggests an Accusative function as object of 'nādayeyuḥ'.
क्रकचाः (krakacāḥ) - sawing sounds, harsh cries (or saws as instruments for sound)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of krakaca
krakaca - a saw, a harsh grating sound (like a saw)
Note: Despite being grammatically Nominative Plural for a masculine a-stem, context suggests an Accusative function as object of 'nādayeyuḥ'.
गोविषाणिकान् (goviṣāṇikān) - cow horns (small horns)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of goviṣāṇika
goviṣāṇika - a small cow's horn (used as a musical instrument or for liquids)
Compound type : tatpurusha (go+viṣāṇika)
- go – cow, ox
noun (feminine) - viṣāṇika – small horn, a kind of wind instrument
noun (masculine)
भेरीमृदङ्गपणवान् (bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇavān) - bherī drums, mṛdaṅga drums, and paṇava drums
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇava
bherīmṛdaṅgapaṇava - battle drums (bherī), hand drums (mṛdaṅga), and kettledrums (paṇava)
Compound type : dvandva (bherī+mṛdaṅga+paṇava)
- bherī – a large kettledrum, war drum
noun (feminine) - mṛdaṅga – a type of drum (hand drum)
noun (masculine) - paṇava – a small drum, kettledrum
noun (masculine)
नादयेयुः (nādayeyuḥ) - they should cause to sound, they should make resound, they should make roar
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nāday
Causative
Causative form of the root 'nad'
Root: nad (class 1)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
कुञ्जरान् (kuñjarān) - elephants
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of kuñjara
kuñjara - elephant