महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-101, verse-34

मनुष्यापसदा ह्येते ये भवन्ति पराङ्मुखाः ।
राशिवर्धनमात्रास्ते नैव ते प्रेत्य नो इह ॥३४॥

34. manuṣyāpasadā hyete ye bhavanti parāṅmukhāḥ ,
rāśivardhanamātrāste naiva te pretya no iha.

34. manuṣya apasadāḥ hi ete ye bhavanti parāṅmukhāḥ
rāśivardhanamātrāḥ te na eva te pretya na u iha

34. hi ete ye parāṅmukhāḥ bhavanti te manuṣyāpasadāḥ.
te rāśivardhanamātrāḥ.
te na eva pretya na u iha

34. Indeed, those who turn their backs (and flee) are the lowest of men. They merely swell the ranks; they exist neither in the next world nor in this (one).

Words meanings summery:

• मनुष्य अपसदाः (manuṣya apasadāḥ) - lowest of men, scum of humanity

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• एते (ete) - these

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they are, they become

• पराङ्मुखाः (parāṅmukhāḥ) - turning away, fleeing, averse

• राशिवर्धनमात्राः (rāśivardhanamātrāḥ) - merely increasing the numbers/mass, only swelling the ranks

• ते (te) - they

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• ते (te) - they

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - after dying, in the next world

• न उ (na u) - nor, not even

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

Words meanings and morphology

मनुष्य अपसदाः (manuṣya apasadāḥ) - lowest of men, scum of humanity

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣyāpasada

manuṣyāpasada - lowest of men, human refuse

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuṣya+apasada)

• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• apasada – low, vile, degraded, contemptible person
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: apa

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Particle

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they are, they become

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense

3rd person plural present indicative

Root: bhū (class 1)

पराङ्मुखाः (parāṅmukhāḥ) - turning away, fleeing, averse

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having the face turned away, averted, fleeing, hostile

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāñc+mukha)

• parāñc – going backwards, turned away, remote
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: añc (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

राशिवर्धनमात्राः (rāśivardhanamātrāḥ) - merely increasing the numbers/mass, only swelling the ranks

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rāśivardhanamātra

rāśivardhanamātra - merely increasing the mass/number, just an addition to the heap

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rāśi+vardhana+mātra)

• rāśi – heap, pile, mass, multitude, quantity
  noun (masculine)
• vardhana – increasing, promoting, strengthening
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  Agent noun / Action noun
  From root vṛdh, 'to grow, increase'
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• mātra – mere, only, consisting only of
  adjective/indeclinable (neuter)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to ye.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Redundant but for emphasis.

प्रेत्य (pretya) - after dying, in the next world

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

From pra + root i, suffix -tya

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

न उ (na u) - nor, not even

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: U is an emphatic or disjunctive particle. Sandhi `na + u` becomes `no`.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Adverb