महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-101, verse-30

इहैव ते निवर्तन्तां ये नः केचन भीरवः ।
न घातयेयुः प्रदरं कुर्वाणास्तुमुले सति ॥३०॥

30. ihaiva te nivartantāṁ ye naḥ kecana bhīravaḥ ,
na ghātayeyuḥ pradaraṁ kurvāṇāstumule sati.

30. iha eva te nivartantām ye naḥ kecana bhīravaḥ
na ghātayeyuḥ pradaram kurvāṇāḥ tu tumule sati

30. ye kecana bhīravaḥ naḥ (santi),
te eva iha nivartantām.
(te) tumule sati kurvāṇāḥ (kalaham),
pradaram tu na ghātayeyuḥ.

30. Let any of those who are fearful among us turn back right here. They should not cause disruption or a breach (in our ranks) by creating confusion during a tumultuous battle.

Words meanings summery:

• इह (iha) - here, in this place

• एव (eva) - Right here. (indeed, only, just, right)

• ते (te) - those, they

• निवर्तन्ताम् (nivartantām) - let them turn back, let them return

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• नः (naḥ) - Among us. (to us, our, from us)

• केचन (kecana) - any, some

• भीरवः (bhīravaḥ) - fearful ones, cowards

• न (na) - not

• घातयेयुः (ghātayeyuḥ) - they should not cause to kill, they should not cause destruction/harm

• प्रदरम् (pradaram) - Breach in ranks or disruption to the battle plan. (breach, split, damage, disruption)

• कुर्वाणाः (kurvāṇāḥ) - Causing confusion/tumult. (doing, making, causing)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• तुमुले (tumule) - During a tumultuous battle. (in a tumultuous (battle), in confusion)

• सति (sati) - Forms a locative absolute construction: 'when there is tumult'. (being, existing, when it is)

Words meanings and morphology

इह (iha) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Right here. (indeed, only, just, right)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

निवर्तन्ताम् (nivartantām) - let them turn back, let them return

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

नः (naḥ) - Among us. (to us, our, from us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

केचन (kecana) - any, some

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka-cana

ka-cana - any, some, a certain

भीरवः (bhīravaḥ) - fearful ones, cowards

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīru

bhīru - fearful, timid, cowardly

Root: bhī (class 3)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

घातयेयुः (ghātayeyuḥ) - they should not cause to kill, they should not cause destruction/harm

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of han

Causative

Causative stem 'ghātaya' from root 'han'.

Root: han (class 2)

प्रदरम् (pradaram) - Breach in ranks or disruption to the battle plan. (breach, split, damage, disruption)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pradara

pradara - breach, rent, split, damage, destruction, trouble

Prefix: pra

Root: dṝ (class 9)

कुर्वाणाः (kurvāṇāḥ) - Causing confusion/tumult. (doing, making, causing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurvāṇa

kurvāṇa - doing, making, performing

Present Middle Participle

Present participle (middle voice) of root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

तुमुले (tumule) - During a tumultuous battle. (in a tumultuous (battle), in confusion)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, agitated

सति (sati) - Forms a locative absolute construction: 'when there is tumult'. (being, existing, when it is)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

Present Participle

Present participle of the root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)