महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-101, verse-20

बहुदुर्गा महावृक्षा वेत्रवेणुभिरास्तृता ।
पदातीनां क्षमा भूमिः पर्वतोपवनानि च ॥२०॥

20. bahudurgā mahāvṛkṣā vetraveṇubhirāstṛtā ,
padātīnāṁ kṣamā bhūmiḥ parvatopavanāni ca.

20. bahudurgā mahāvṛkṣā vetraveṇubhiḥ āstṛtā
padātīnām kṣamā bhūmiḥ parvatopavanāni ca

20. bahudurgā mahāvṛkṣā vetraveṇubhiḥ āstṛtā
bhūmiḥ padātīnām kṣamā ca parvatopavanāni

20. Ground with many difficult passages, large trees, and covered with reeds and bamboos is suitable for infantry. Mountains and forests are also suitable.

Words meanings summery:

• बहुदुर्गा (bahudurgā) - with many difficult passages (having many strongholds, having many difficult passages)

• महावृक्षा (mahāvṛkṣā) - with large trees (having large trees)

• वेत्रवेणुभिः (vetraveṇubhiḥ) - with reeds and bamboos

• आस्तृता (āstṛtā) - covered (with) (covered, spread over)

• पदातीनाम् (padātīnām) - for foot soldiers (infantry) (of foot soldiers, for infantry)

• क्षमा (kṣamā) - suitable (capable, suitable, patient, earth)

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - ground (earth, ground, land)

• पर्वतोपवनानि (parvatopavanāni) - mountains and forests (mountains and groves/forests)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

बहुदुर्गा (bahudurgā) - with many difficult passages (having many strongholds, having many difficult passages)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bahudurga

bahudurga - having many strongholds/fortifications; full of difficult places

Bahuvrihi compound of bahu (many) and durga (fort, difficult place).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+durga)

• bahu – many, much, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• durga – fort, stronghold, difficult place, inaccessible place
  noun (neuter)

महावृक्षा (mahāvṛkṣā) - with large trees (having large trees)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahāvṛkṣa

mahāvṛkṣa - having large trees

Bahuvrihi compound of mahā (great) and vṛkṣa (tree).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+vṛkṣa)

• mahā – great, large, extensive
  adjective (feminine)
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)

वेत्रवेणुभिः (vetraveṇubhiḥ) - with reeds and bamboos

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vetraveṇu

vetraveṇu - reeds and bamboos

Dvandva compound of vetra (reed) and veṇu (bamboo).

Compound type : dvandva (vetra+veṇu)

• vetra – reed, cane
  noun (masculine)
• veṇu – bamboo, flute
  noun (masculine)

आस्तृता (āstṛtā) - covered (with) (covered, spread over)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āstṛta

āstṛta - covered, spread over, strewn

Past Passive Participle

From root √stṛ (to spread) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: stṛ (class 5)

पदातीनाम् (padātīnām) - for foot soldiers (infantry) (of foot soldiers, for infantry)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of padātin

padātin - foot soldier, infantry

From pada (foot).

क्षमा (kṣamā) - suitable (capable, suitable, patient, earth)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣama

kṣama - capable, able, suitable, fit; patient

Root: kṣam (class 1)

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - ground (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

पर्वतोपवनानि (parvatopavanāni) - mountains and forests (mountains and groves/forests)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of parvatopavana

parvatopavana - mountains and groves

Dvandva compound of parvata (mountain) and upavana (grove, garden, small forest).

Compound type : dvandva (parvata+upavana)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• upavana – grove, garden, small forest
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: upa

च (ca) - and also (and, also)

(indeclinable)