महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-101, verse-28

दशाधिपतयः कार्याः शताधिपतयस्तथा ।
तेषां सहस्राधिपतिं कुर्याच्छूरमतन्द्रितम् ॥२८॥

28. daśādhipatayaḥ kāryāḥ śatādhipatayastathā ,
teṣāṁ sahasrādhipatiṁ kuryācchūramatandritam.

28. daśādhipatayaḥ kāryāḥ śatādhipatayaḥ tathā
teṣām sahasrādhipatim kuryāt śūram atandritam

28. daśādhipatayaḥ kāryāḥ,
tathā śatādhipatayaḥ (kāryāḥ ca) teṣām (madhye) śūram atandritam sahasrādhipatim kuryāt

28. Officers over ten (soldiers or units) should be appointed, and similarly, officers over a hundred. Among these, a brave (śūra) and diligent (atandrita) officer should be made the commander of a thousand.

Words meanings summery:

• दशाधिपतयः (daśādhipatayaḥ) - Commanders of ten, officers of ten units

• कार्याः (kāryāḥ) - Should be appointed (Should be done, to be made, to be appointed)

• शताधिपतयः (śatādhipatayaḥ) - Commanders of a hundred, officers of a hundred units

• तथा (tathā) - Thus, so, in the same way, similarly

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - Among them (i.e., among these officers of ten and a hundred) (Of them, their)

• सहस्राधिपतिम् (sahasrādhipatim) - Commander of a thousand, officer of a thousand units

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - One should appoint (a commander) (One should do, one should make, one should appoint)

• शूरम् (śūram) - Brave, valiant, heroic

• अतन्द्रितम् (atandritam) - Diligent, alert, unwearied, not slothful

Words meanings and morphology

दशाधिपतयः (daśādhipatayaḥ) - Commanders of ten, officers of ten units

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daśādhipati

daśādhipati - Commander of ten, officer of ten units

Compound type : tatpurusha (daśa+adhipati)

• daśa – Ten
  numeral
• adhipati – Lord, chief, commander, ruler
  noun (masculine)

कार्याः (kāryāḥ) - Should be appointed (Should be done, to be made, to be appointed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kārya

kārya - To be done, to be made, to be performed, duty

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Derived from root kṛ with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शताधिपतयः (śatādhipatayaḥ) - Commanders of a hundred, officers of a hundred units

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śatādhipati

śatādhipati - Commander of a hundred, officer of a hundred units

Compound type : tatpurusha (śata+adhipati)

• śata – Hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• adhipati – Lord, chief, commander, ruler
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - Thus, so, in the same way, similarly

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - Among them (i.e., among these officers of ten and a hundred) (Of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - That, those

सहस्राधिपतिम् (sahasrādhipatim) - Commander of a thousand, officer of a thousand units

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahasrādhipati

sahasrādhipati - Commander of a thousand, officer of a thousand units

Compound type : tatpurusha (sahasra+adhipati)

• sahasra – Thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• adhipati – Lord, chief, commander, ruler
  noun (masculine)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - One should appoint (a commander) (One should do, one should make, one should appoint)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

Optative Mood

Root kṛ, 3rd singular active

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शूरम् (śūram) - Brave, valiant, heroic

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - Brave, valiant, heroic, warrior

अतन्द्रितम् (atandritam) - Diligent, alert, unwearied, not slothful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atandrita

atandrita - Diligent, alert, unwearied, not slothful

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+tandrita)

• a – Not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• tandrita – Wearied, slothful, lazy
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root tand (to be weary)
  Root: tand (class 1)