महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-26, verse-7

धृतराष्ट्रस्तु राजर्षिर्निगृह्याबुद्धिजं तमः ।
पर्यपृच्छत धर्मात्मा धर्मराजं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥७॥

7. dhṛtarāṣṭrastu rājarṣirnigṛhyābuddhijaṁ tamaḥ ,
paryapṛcchata dharmātmā dharmarājaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram.

7. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ tu rājarṣiḥ nigṛhya abuddhijam tamaḥ
paryapṛcchata dharmātmā dharmarājam yudhiṣṭhiram

7. tu dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ rājarṣiḥ dharmātmā abuddhijam tamaḥ
nigṛhya dharmarājam yudhiṣṭhiram paryapṛcchata

7. But Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the royal sage (rājarṣi), having suppressed the darkness (tamas) born of his lack of understanding, and being righteous-souled (dharmātmā), questioned Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira.

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper noun)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - a royal sage, a king who is also a sage

• निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having restrained, suppressed, subdued

• अबुद्धिजम् (abuddhijam) - born of ignorance/folly/lack of understanding

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, ignorance, delusion

• पर्यपृच्छत (paryapṛcchata) - questioned, inquired of, asked repeatedly

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness

• धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira, king of righteousness)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper noun)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (blind king of Hastinapura, father of the Kauravas)

Compound of dhṛta (held, supported) + rāṣṭra (kingdom)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported, borne, maintained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhṛ (to hold, bear) + kta (P.P.P. suffix)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - a royal sage, a king who is also a sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - a royal sage, a king who is also a sage

Compound of rājan (king) + ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : tatpurusha/karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having restrained, suppressed, subdued

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root grah (to seize, take) with prefix ni + ya (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

अबुद्धिजम् (abuddhijam) - born of ignorance/folly/lack of understanding

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abuddhija

abuddhija - born of ignorance, arising from folly

Compound of a (negation) + buddhi (intellect, understanding) + ja (born of, produced from)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+buddhi+ja)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception, reason
  noun (feminine)
  From root budh (to know, understand)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• ja – born, produced, caused by
  adjective
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'tamaḥ'.

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, ignorance, delusion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, delusion, inertia (one of the three guṇas)

Note: Object of 'nigṛhya'.

पर्यपृच्छत (paryapṛcchata) - questioned, inquired of, asked repeatedly

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pṛcch

Imperfect (laṅ) 3rd singular middle (ātmanepada) from root pṛcch (prach) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: The base is pṛcch. The aorist `apṛcchat` would be active. `paryapṛcchata` is imperfect middle.

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness, virtuous

Bahuvrīhi compound: dharma (righteousness) + ātman (self, soul)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, constitution, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, individual soul, supreme soul
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira, king of righteousness)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, Dharmarāja (an epithet of Yudhiṣṭhira and Yama)

Compound of dharma (righteousness) + rājan (king)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, constitution, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'paryapṛcchata'.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother, steadfast in battle)

Compound of yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm, steady)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, steadfast
  adjective
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'paryapṛcchata', identifying Dharmarāja.