महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-26, verse-41

ते विधूमाः प्रदीप्ताश्च दीप्यमानाश्च पावकाः ।
नभसीवान्वदृश्यन्त ग्रहास्तन्वभ्रसंवृताः ॥४१॥

41. te vidhūmāḥ pradīptāśca dīpyamānāśca pāvakāḥ ,
nabhasīvānvadṛśyanta grahāstanvabhrasaṁvṛtāḥ.

41. te vidhūmāḥ pradīptāḥ ca dīpyamānāḥ ca pāvakāḥ
nabhasī iva anvadṛśyanta grahāḥ tanvabhrasaṃvṛtāḥ

41. te vidhūmāḥ pradīptāḥ ca dīpyamānāḥ ca pāvakāḥ
tanvabhrasaṃvṛtāḥ grahāḥ nabhasī iva anvadṛśyanta

41. Those smokeless, brilliantly blazing, and brightly shining fires appeared in the sky, resembling planets enveloped by thin clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - Refers to the fires/celestial bodies. (those, they)

• विधूमाः (vidhūmāḥ) - smokeless, without smoke

• प्रदीप्ताः (pradīptāḥ) - brilliantly blazing, intensely shining

• च (ca) - and

• दीप्यमानाः (dīpyamānāḥ) - shining, glowing

• च (ca) - and

• पावकाः (pāvakāḥ) - Here, referring to celestial fires or luminous objects that resemble planets. (fires; purifiers; (in context) celestial fires, fiery phenomena)

• नभसी (nabhasī) - in the sky, in the atmosphere

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अन्वदृश्यन्त (anvadṛśyanta) - were seen, appeared

• ग्रहाः (grahāḥ) - planets

• तन्वभ्रसंवृताः (tanvabhrasaṁvṛtāḥ) - enveloped by thin clouds

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - Refers to the fires/celestial bodies. (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

विधूमाः (vidhūmāḥ) - smokeless, without smoke

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidhūma

vidhūma - smokeless, without smoke

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'that which has no smoke'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+dhūma)

• vi – apart, asunder, without, away
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable.
• dhūma – smoke, vapor
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying `pāvakāḥ`.

प्रदीप्ताः (pradīptāḥ) - brilliantly blazing, intensely shining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pradīpta

pradīpta - brilliantly blazing, intensely shining, ignited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `pra` + root `dīp` (to shine, to burn).

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying `pāvakāḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दीप्यमानाः (dīpyamānāḥ) - shining, glowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīpyamāna

dīpyamāna - shining, blazing, glowing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root `dīp` (to shine, to burn) in the middle voice.

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying `pāvakāḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पावकाः (pāvakāḥ) - Here, referring to celestial fires or luminous objects that resemble planets. (fires; purifiers; (in context) celestial fires, fiery phenomena)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, pure, purifying; Agni (god of fire); a kind of plant; also a constellation

From root `pū` (to purify).

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Subject of `anvadṛśyanta`.

नभसी (nabhasī) - in the sky, in the atmosphere

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nabhas

nabhas - sky, atmosphere, cloud, ether

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अन्वदृश्यन्त (anvadṛśyanta) - were seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of anudṛś

root verb

Imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person plural, passive voice. (`anu` + `dṛś`)

Prefix: anu

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ग्रहाः (grahāḥ) - planets

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of graha

graha - planet, celestial body, seizer, grasping

From root `grah` (to seize, to grasp).

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Complement to `iva`.

तन्वभ्रसंवृताः (tanvabhrasaṁvṛtāḥ) - enveloped by thin clouds

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tanvabhrasaṃvṛta

tanvabhrasaṁvṛta - enveloped by thin clouds

Tatpurusha compound: `tanu` (thin) + `abhra` (cloud) + `saṃvṛta` (covered).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tanu+abhra+saṃvṛta)

• tanu – thin, slender, delicate, subtle
  adjective (feminine)
• abhra – cloud, sky
  noun (neuter)
• saṃvṛta – covered, veiled, enveloped, closed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from `sam` + root `vṛ` (to cover, to choose).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Adjective modifying `grahāḥ`.