महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-26, verse-39

पितृमेधाश्च केषांचिदवर्तन्त महात्मनाम् ।
सामभिश्चाप्यगायन्त तेऽन्वशोच्यन्त चापरैः ॥३९॥

39. pitṛmedhāśca keṣāṁcidavartanta mahātmanām ,
sāmabhiścāpyagāyanta te'nvaśocyanta cāparaiḥ.

39. pitṛmedhāḥ ca keṣāṃcit avartanta mahātmanām
sāmabhiḥ ca api agāyanta te anvaśocyanta ca aparaiḥ

39. ca keṣāṃcit mahātmanām pitṛmedhāḥ avartanta ca
api sāmabhiḥ agāyanta te ca aparaiḥ anvaśocyanta

39. And for some of those great souls (mahātman), ancestral rites (pitṛmedhāḥ) were performed. They sang with Sāman chants, and others lamented them.

Words meanings summery:

• पितृमेधाः (pitṛmedhāḥ) - The cremation and post-cremation rituals for the deceased warriors. (ancestral rites, funeral rites)

• च (ca) - and, also

• केषांचित् (keṣāṁcit) - of some of the deceased great warriors. (of some (persons))

• अवर्तन्त (avartanta) - they occurred, took place

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great souls, of magnanimous ones

• सामभिः (sāmabhiḥ) - referring to sacred Vedic chants from the Sāmaveda used in rituals. (with Sāman chants, by Sāman verses)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अगायन्त (agāyanta) - The priests or mourners sang Sāman chants. (they sang)

• ते (te) - Refers to the deceased great souls for whom the rites are performed. (they)

• अन्वशोच्यन्त (anvaśocyanta) - they were mourned, lamented

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपरैः (aparaiḥ) - By other living people, survivors, relatives, or priests. (by others)

Words meanings and morphology

पितृमेधाः (pitṛmedhāḥ) - The cremation and post-cremation rituals for the deceased warriors. (ancestral rites, funeral rites)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛmedha

pitṛmedha - ancestral sacrifice, funeral sacrifice, obsequial rites

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+medha)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• medha – sacrifice, sacrificial victim
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'avartanta'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this statement with previous events.

केषांचित् (keṣāṁcit) - of some of the deceased great warriors. (of some (persons))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, a certain one

From interrogative pronoun ka + suffix cid.

Note: Refers to some specific great souls.

अवर्तन्त (avartanta) - they occurred, took place

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of √vṛt

Imperfect Middle Third Person Plural

Root √vṛt, class 1, middle voice.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'pitṛmedhāḥ'.

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great souls, of magnanimous ones

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble; a great person (mahātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive case for 'keṣāṃcit'.

सामभिः (sāmabhiḥ) - referring to sacred Vedic chants from the Sāmaveda used in rituals. (with Sāman chants, by Sāman verses)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sāman

sāman - a Sāman (a type of Vedic chant, especially from the Sāmaveda)

Note: Instrument of the singing.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the singing aspect.

अगायन्त (agāyanta) - The priests or mourners sang Sāman chants. (they sang)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of √gai

Imperfect Middle Third Person Plural

Root √gai, class 1, middle voice.

Root: gai (class 1)

Note: Subject implied, likely the officiating priests or mourners.

ते (te) - Refers to the deceased great souls for whom the rites are performed. (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'anvaśocyanta'.

अन्वशोच्यन्त (anvaśocyanta) - they were mourned, lamented

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of anu-√śuc

Imperfect Passive Third Person Plural

Root √śuc (to grieve) with prefix anu-, in passive voice.

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: The passive voice indicates that 'they' (the deceased) were the object of mourning.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपरैः (aparaiḥ) - By other living people, survivors, relatives, or priests. (by others)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent

Note: Agent of lamenting in the passive sentence.