महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-70, verse-40

न ते तस्य प्रत्यगृह्णन्यदुप्रभृतयो जराम् ।
तमब्रवीत्ततः पूरुः कनीयान्सत्यविक्रमः ॥४०॥

40. na te tasya pratyagṛhṇanyaduprabhṛtayo jarām ,
tamabravīttataḥ pūruḥ kanīyānsatyavikramaḥ.

40. na te tasya pratyagṛhṇan yaduprabhṛtayaḥ jarām
tam abravīt tataḥ pūruḥ kanīyān satyavikramaḥ

40. Yadu and his brothers did not accept his old age. Then, Pūru, the youngest son and a man of true valor, spoke to him.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• ते (te) - they, those

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (the king, Yayāti) (his, of him, of that)

• प्रत्यगृह्णन् (pratyagṛhṇan) - did not accept (they accepted, they received)

• यदुप्रभृतयः (yaduprabhṛtayaḥ) - Yadu and others, headed by Yadu

• जराम् (jarām) - old age, decay, infirmity

• तम् (tam) - him (the king) (him, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore, thereupon

• पूरुः (pūruḥ) - Pūru (a proper name)

• कनीयान् (kanīyān) - the youngest (of the sons) (younger, youngest)

• सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - whose valor is true, of true courage/prowess

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sons, specifically Yadu and others.

तस्य (tasya) - of him (the king, Yayāti) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the father who offered his old age.

प्रत्यगृह्णन् (pratyagṛhṇan) - did not accept (they accepted, they received)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of grah

Aorist form. The initial 'a' is the augment for past tense.

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Preceded by 'na'. It is often classified under Aorist (Luṅ) for 'grah' in this conjugation form in some grammars, but standard imperfect for 9th class with 'a' augment.

यदुप्रभृतयः (yaduprabhṛtayaḥ) - Yadu and others, headed by Yadu

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yaduprabhṛti

yaduprabhṛti - Yadu and others, headed by Yadu (a class of nouns)

A class formation indicating 'X and those commencing with X' or 'X and the like'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (yadu+prabhṛti)

• yadu – Name of a king, son of Yayāti
  proper noun (masculine)
• prabhṛti – beginning, onward, and so on
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of pratyagṛhṇan.

जराम् (jarām) - old age, decay, infirmity

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, infirmity

From root jṛ (to decay, grow old).

Root: jṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of pratyagṛhṇan.

तम् (tam) - him (the king) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect (laṅ) form with augment 'a'.

Root: bru (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that).

पूरुः (pūruḥ) - Pūru (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūru

pūru - Name of a famous king, son of Yayāti.

Note: Subject of abravīt.

कनीयान् (kanīyān) - the youngest (of the sons) (younger, youngest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kanīyas

kanīyas - younger, youngest, inferior

Comparative/superlative form of yuvan (young) or kāna (small).

सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - whose valor is true, of true courage/prowess

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavikrama

satyavikrama - of true valor, whose prowess is real, truly mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+vikrama)

• satya – true, real, truthful, truth
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: as (class 2)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, courage, mighty stride
  noun (masculine)
  From vi + kram
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Pūruḥ.