महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-70, verse-38

यजतो दीर्घसत्रैर्मे शापाच्चोशनसो मुनेः ।
कामार्थः परिहीणो मे तप्येऽहं तेन पुत्रकाः ॥३८॥

38. yajato dīrghasatrairme śāpāccośanaso muneḥ ,
kāmārthaḥ parihīṇo me tapye'haṁ tena putrakāḥ.

38. yajataḥ dīrghasatraiḥ me śāpāt ca uśanasaḥ muneḥ
kāmārthaḥ parihīṇaḥ me tapye aham tena putrakāḥ

38. O sons, while I was performing long sacrificial sessions, due to the curse of the sage Uśanas, my capacity for enjoyment has been diminished. I suffer greatly because of that.

Words meanings summery:

• यजतः (yajataḥ) - while I was performing yagya (of one sacrificing, while sacrificing)

• दीर्घसत्रैः (dīrghasatraiḥ) - by long sacrificial sessions, by long yagyas

• मे (me) - my (possessive) (to me, for me, my)

• शापात् (śāpāt) - from a curse

• च (ca) - and, also

• उशनसः (uśanasaḥ) - of the sage Uśanas (Śukra) (of Uśanas)

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - of a sage, ascetic

• कामार्थः (kāmārthaḥ) - capacity for enjoyment (purpose of desire, object of desire, sensual enjoyment)

• परिहीणः (parihīṇaḥ) - diminished, lost, abandoned

• मे (me) - my (possessive) (to me, for me, my)

• तप्ये (tapye) - I suffer, I am tormented

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तेन (tena) - by that, with that

• पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - O sons, my dear sons

Words meanings and morphology

यजतः (yajataḥ) - while I was performing yagya (of one sacrificing, while sacrificing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yajat

yajat - sacrificing, worshipping, one who performs yagya

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yaj (to sacrifice, worship)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Also can be ablative singular. Context suggests genitive, linking to 'me'.

दीर्घसत्रैः (dīrghasatraiḥ) - by long sacrificial sessions, by long yagyas

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of dīrghasatra

dīrghasatra - long sacrificial session, a protracted yagya

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dīrgha+satra)

• dīrgha – long
  adjective (masculine)
• satra – sacrificial session, yagya
  noun (neuter)

मे (me) - my (possessive) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Often used as a possessive (my).

शापात् (śāpāt) - from a curse

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

Root: śap (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उशनसः (uśanasaḥ) - of the sage Uśanas (Śukra) (of Uśanas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of uśanas

uśanas - Name of a sage, preceptor of the Daityas, also known as Śukra.

Root: vas (class 2)

मुनेः (muneḥ) - of a sage, ascetic

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, recluse, saint

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Also ablative singular.

कामार्थः (kāmārthaḥ) - capacity for enjoyment (purpose of desire, object of desire, sensual enjoyment)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmārtha

kāmārtha - object of desire, sensual pleasure, purpose of desire

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+artha)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

परिहीणः (parihīṇaḥ) - diminished, lost, abandoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parihīṇa

parihīṇa - diminished, lost, abandoned, neglected

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, lose) with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with kāmārthaḥ.

मे (me) - my (possessive) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Often used as a possessive (my).

तप्ये (tapye) - I suffer, I am tormented

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

तेन (tena) - by that, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the loss of kāmārtha.

पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - O sons, my dear sons

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of putraka

putraka - dear son, little son

Diminutive/affectionate form of putra.