महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-70, verse-31

तस्य पुत्रा महेष्वासाः सर्वैः समुदिता गुणैः ।
देवयान्यां महाराज शर्मिष्ठायां च जज्ञिरे ॥३१॥

31. tasya putrā maheṣvāsāḥ sarvaiḥ samuditā guṇaiḥ ,
devayānyāṁ mahārāja śarmiṣṭhāyāṁ ca jajñire.

31. tasya putrāḥ maheṣvāsāḥ sarvaiḥ samuditāḥ guṇaiḥ
devayānyām mahārāja śarmiṣṭhāyām ca jajñire

31. O great king, his sons, who were great archers and endowed with all good qualities, were born from Devayānī and Śarmiṣṭhā.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Yayāti) (his, of him, of that)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, having great bows)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (qualities) (by all)

• समुदिताः (samuditāḥ) - endowed (with qualities) (endowed, complete, distinguished)

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - with good qualities (by qualities, with virtues)

• देवयान्याम् (devayānyām) - by Devayānī (as mother) (in Devayānī)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king!

• शर्मिष्ठायाम् (śarmiṣṭhāyām) - by Śarmiṣṭhā (as mother) (in Śarmiṣṭhā)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जज्ञिरे (jajñire) - were born (were born, originated)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Yayāti) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Root: put (class 1)

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, having great bows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow; archer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: modifies putrāḥ

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (qualities) (by all)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: agrees with guṇaiḥ

समुदिताः (samuditāḥ) - endowed (with qualities) (endowed, complete, distinguished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samudita

samudita - endowed, complete, distinguished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sam-ud-i

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: modifies putrāḥ, takes instrumental case for the object of endowment

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - with good qualities (by qualities, with virtues)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, excellence

Note: instrument of endowment for samuditāḥ

देवयान्याम् (devayānyām) - by Devayānī (as mother) (in Devayānī)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of devayānī

devayānī - Devayānī (a proper name, daughter of Śukra)

Note: Locative is used to denote the source or agent of birth, meaning 'from Devayānī'

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: address to the listener/narrator

शर्मिष्ठायाम् (śarmiṣṭhāyām) - by Śarmiṣṭhā (as mother) (in Śarmiṣṭhā)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarmiṣṭhā

śarmiṣṭhā - Śarmiṣṭhā (a proper name, daughter of Vṛṣaparvan)

Note: Locative used for source of birth, meaning 'from Śarmiṣṭhā'

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

जज्ञिरे (jajñire) - were born (were born, originated)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of jan

Perfect, Ātmanepada

Root: jan (class 4)