महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-70, verse-31

तस्य पुत्रा महेष्वासाः सर्वैः समुदिता गुणैः ।
देवयान्यां महाराज शर्मिष्ठायां च जज्ञिरे ॥३१॥

31. tasya putrā maheṣvāsāḥ sarvaiḥ samuditā guṇaiḥ ,
devayānyāṁ mahārāja śarmiṣṭhāyāṁ ca jajñire.

31. tasya putrāḥ maheṣvāsāḥ sarvaiḥ samuditāḥ guṇaiḥ
devayānyām mahārāja śarmiṣṭhāyām ca jajñire

31. O great king, his sons, who were great archers and endowed with all good qualities, were born from Devayānī and Śarmiṣṭhā.

31. הו מלך גדול, לַיַיָאטִי נולדו בנים, קשתים דגולים ושלמים בכל המעלות, מדֵוַיָאנִי ומשַׁרְמִישְׁתְהָא.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Yayāti) (his, of him, of that)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, having great bows)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (qualities) (by all)

• समुदिताः (samuditāḥ) - endowed (with qualities) (endowed, complete, distinguished)

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - with good qualities (by qualities, with virtues)

• देवयान्याम् (devayānyām) - by Devayānī (as mother) (in Devayānī)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king!

• शर्मिष्ठायाम् (śarmiṣṭhāyām) - by Śarmiṣṭhā (as mother) (in Śarmiṣṭhā)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जज्ञिरे (jajñire) - were born (were born, originated)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Yayāti) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Root: put (class 1)

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, having great bows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow; archer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: modifies putrāḥ

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (qualities) (by all)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: agrees with guṇaiḥ

समुदिताः (samuditāḥ) - endowed (with qualities) (endowed, complete, distinguished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samudita

samudita - endowed, complete, distinguished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sam-ud-i

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: modifies putrāḥ, takes instrumental case for the object of endowment

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - with good qualities (by qualities, with virtues)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, excellence

Note: instrument of endowment for samuditāḥ

देवयान्याम् (devayānyām) - by Devayānī (as mother) (in Devayānī)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of devayānī

devayānī - Devayānī (a proper name, daughter of Śukra)

Note: Locative is used to denote the source or agent of birth, meaning 'from Devayānī'

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: address to the listener/narrator

शर्मिष्ठायाम् (śarmiṣṭhāyām) - by Śarmiṣṭhā (as mother) (in Śarmiṣṭhā)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarmiṣṭhā

śarmiṣṭhā - Śarmiṣṭhā (a proper name, daughter of Vṛṣaparvan)

Note: Locative used for source of birth, meaning 'from Śarmiṣṭhā'

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

जज्ञिरे (jajñire) - were born (were born, originated)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of jan

Perfect, Ātmanepada

Root: jan (class 4)

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