महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-70, verse-17

त्रयोदश समुद्रस्य द्वीपानश्नन्पुरूरवाः ।
अमानुषैर्वृतः सत्त्वैर्मानुषः सन्महायशाः ॥१७॥

17. trayodaśa samudrasya dvīpānaśnanpurūravāḥ ,
amānuṣairvṛtaḥ sattvairmānuṣaḥ sanmahāyaśāḥ.

17. trayodaśa samudrasya dvīpān aśnan purūravāḥ
amānuṣaiḥ vṛtaḥ sattvaiḥ mānuṣaḥ san mahāyaśāḥ

17. Though a human, the greatly famous Purūravas ruled over the thirteen islands (or continents) of the ocean, accompanied by non-human beings.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen (islands/continents) (thirteen)

• समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean (of the ocean, of the sea)

• द्वीपान् (dvīpān) - islands/continents (islands, continents, regions)

• अश्नन् (aśnan) - ruling, enjoying (the sovereignty over) (eating, enjoying, ruling, pervading)

• पुरूरवाः (purūravāḥ) - Purūravas (the specific king being described) (Purūravas (proper name))

• अमानुषैः (amānuṣaiḥ) - by non-human (beings/creatures) (by non-humans, by superhuman beings)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied (surrounded, encompassed, chosen)

• सत्त्वैः (sattvaiḥ) - by (supernatural) beings/creatures (by beings, by creatures, by entities)

• मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - a human being (human, a human being)

• सन् (san) - being (a human), though being (being, existing)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - greatly famous (very famous, of great glory, renowned)

Words meanings and morphology

त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen (islands/continents) (thirteen)

(numeral)

Note: Used as an adjective.

समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean (of the ocean, of the sea)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: Possessive for `dvīpān`.

द्वीपान् (dvīpān) - islands/continents (islands, continents, regions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvīpa

dvīpa - island, continent, region (often referring to the traditional seven continents of ancient Indian cosmology)

Note: Object of `aśnan`.

अश्नन् (aśnan) - ruling, enjoying (the sovereignty over) (eating, enjoying, ruling, pervading)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśnat

aśnat - eating, enjoying, ruling, pervading

Present Active Participle

Derived from root aś (to eat, enjoy, obtain, pervade).

Root: aś (class 5)

पुरूरवाः (purūravāḥ) - Purūravas (the specific king being described) (Purūravas (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purūravas

purūravas - Purūravas (a legendary king, son of Ilā and Budha, or solely Ilā, depending on the tradition)

Note: Main subject of the sentence.

अमानुषैः (amānuṣaiḥ) - by non-human (beings/creatures) (by non-humans, by superhuman beings)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of amānuṣa

amānuṣa - non-human, superhuman, divine, demoniac

Negative prefix `a-` + `mānuṣa` (human).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mānuṣa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• mānuṣa – human, belonging to man
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the agent in "surrounded by".

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied (surrounded, encompassed, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, surround, choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Used adjectivally.

सत्त्वैः (sattvaiḥ) - by (supernatural) beings/creatures (by beings, by creatures, by entities)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sattva

sattva - being, existence, essence, creature, spirit, courage

From root as (to be).

Root: as

Note: Agent for `vṛtaḥ`.

मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - a human being (human, a human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, belonging to man, mankind, a human being

Note: Predicate nominative for the implicit `asti` or forms a clause with `san`.

सन् (san) - being (a human), though being (being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, true, good

Present Active Participle

Derived from root as (to be), nominative singular masculine.

Root: as (class 2)

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - greatly famous (very famous, of great glory, renowned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - of great glory, very famous, renowned

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• yaśas – glory, fame, honor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies `purūravāḥ`.