महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-70, verse-12

तत्राभवत्तदा राजन्ब्रह्म क्षत्रेण संगतम् ।
ब्राह्मणा मानवास्तेषां साङ्गं वेदमदीधरन् ॥१२॥

12. tatrābhavattadā rājanbrahma kṣatreṇa saṁgatam ,
brāhmaṇā mānavāsteṣāṁ sāṅgaṁ vedamadīdharan.

12. tatra abhavat tadā rājan brahma kṣatreṇa saṃgatam
brāhmaṇāḥ mānavāḥ teṣām sa-aṅgam vedam adīdharan

12. Then, O King, Brahman (sacred power) became united with Kṣatra (temporal power). These Brahmin humans then taught the Veda, with its auxiliary branches, to them (the other people).

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that case

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman (the sacred power or priestly class) (the Brahmin class, sacred power, sacred knowledge)

• क्षत्रेण (kṣatreṇa) - with Kshatra (the temporal/royal power or warrior class) (by/with the Kshatriya class, with temporal power)

• संगतम् (saṁgatam) - united, associated, accompanied

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - the human Brahmins (Brahmins)

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, descendants of Manu

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - to them (the other human classes) (to them, of them)

• स-अङ्गम् (sa-aṅgam) - the Veda complete with its auxiliary branches (Vedangas) (with its auxiliary branches, complete)

• वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda

• अदीधरन् (adīdharan) - they upheld, they taught

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that case

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time/place.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (Laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Address to an interlocutor.

ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman (the sacred power or priestly class) (the Brahmin class, sacred power, sacred knowledge)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute; prayer, sacred utterance, the Veda, a Brahmin (masc.) or the Brahmin class/sacred power (neuter)

क्षत्रेण (kṣatreṇa) - with Kshatra (the temporal/royal power or warrior class) (by/with the Kshatriya class, with temporal power)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - dominion, power, rule; the warrior/royal class (Kshatriyas)

संगतम् (saṁgatam) - united, associated, accompanied

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃgata

saṁgata - come together, met, united, associated, coherent

Past Passive Participle

From root gam with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'brahma'.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - the human Brahmins (Brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin (member of the priestly class), relating to Brahman or the Veda

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, descendants of Manu

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, son of Manu, mankind

Note: Used here to clarify 'Brāhmaṇāḥ' as human Brahmins.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - to them (the other human classes) (to them, of them)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Dative case, indicating to whom the Veda was taught.

स-अङ्गम् (sa-aṅgam) - the Veda complete with its auxiliary branches (Vedangas) (with its auxiliary branches, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāṅga

sāṅga - with its parts, complete, with auxiliary branches (of the Veda)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aṅga)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• aṅga – limb, part, auxiliary branch (of Veda)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'vedam'.

वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - sacred knowledge, the Vedas (Rg, Yajur, Sama, Atharva)

Root: vid (class 2)

अदीधरन् (adīdharan) - they upheld, they taught

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Imperfect (Laṅ) of dhṛ

Imperfect Active (Causal)

Causal form of root dhṛ, reduplicated, 3rd plural

Root: dhṛ (class 1)