महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-26, verse-5

स गत्वा पर्वतश्रेष्ठं गन्धमादनमव्ययम् ।
ददर्श कश्यपं तत्र पितरं तपसि स्थितम् ॥५॥

5. sa gatvā parvataśreṣṭhaṁ gandhamādanamavyayam ,
dadarśa kaśyapaṁ tatra pitaraṁ tapasi sthitam.

5. sa gatvā parvataśreṣṭham gandhamādanam avyayam
dadarśa kaśyapam tatra pitaram tapasi sthitam

5. Having gone to the imperishable, best of mountains, Gandhamādana, he saw his father Kaśyapa engaged in penance there.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (referring to Garuḍa, implied) (he, that)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• पर्वतश्रेष्ठम् (parvataśreṣṭham) - the best of mountains (the best of mountains, foremost mountain)

• गन्धमादनम् (gandhamādanam) - Gandhamādana mountain (intoxicating with fragrance, name of a mythical mountain)

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable, eternal (imperishable, immutable, eternal)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw (he saw, perceived, beheld)

• कश्यपम् (kaśyapam) - Kaśyapa (Kaśyapa (a sage))

• तत्र (tatra) - there (on the mountain) (there, in that place; then)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - his father (father)

• तपसि (tapasi) - in austerity, engaged in spiritual penance (in penance, in austerity, in heat)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - engaged, absorbed (in penance) (situated, standing, abiding, existing)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (referring to Garuḍa, implied) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Root: gam (class 1)

पर्वतश्रेष्ठम् (parvataśreṣṭham) - the best of mountains (the best of mountains, foremost mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parvataśreṣṭha

parvataśreṣṭha - best of mountains, foremost mountain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+śreṣṭha)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of praśasya

गन्धमादनम् (gandhamādanam) - Gandhamādana mountain (intoxicating with fragrance, name of a mythical mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gandhamādana

gandhamādana - intoxicating with fragrance, name of a mythical mountain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or tatpuruṣa (gandha+mādana)

• gandha – smell, fragrance, perfume
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• mādana – intoxicating, gladdening, exciting
  adjective/noun (masculine/neuter)
  causative/agent noun
  derived from root mad (to rejoice, be intoxicated)
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Adjective agreeing with parvataśreṣṭha or a proper noun. Contextually, it's the specific mountain.

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable, eternal (imperishable, immutable, eternal)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, immutable, eternal; an indeclinable word

a (neg) + vyaya (expenditure, decay)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vyaya – expenditure, decay, loss, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  from vi + i (to go)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `gandhamādanam` (mountain as neuter).

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw (he saw, perceived, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कश्यपम् (kaśyapam) - Kaśyapa (Kaśyapa (a sage))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaśyapa

kaśyapa - name of a Vedic sage, father of gods, demons, men, birds etc.

तत्र (tatra) - there (on the mountain) (there, in that place; then)

(indeclinable)

पितरम् (pitaram) - his father (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Agrees with Kaśyapa.

तपसि (tapasi) - in austerity, engaged in spiritual penance (in penance, in austerity, in heat)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, asceticism, penance, austerity

Root: tap (class 1)

स्थितम् (sthitam) - engaged, absorbed (in penance) (situated, standing, abiding, existing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, abiding, fixed, firm, existing

past participle

kṛt suffix -kta from sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Kaśyapa.