महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-26, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
स्पृष्टमात्रा तु पद्भ्यां सा गरुडेन बलीयसा ।
अभज्यत तरोः शाखा भग्नां चैनामधारयत् ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
spṛṣṭamātrā tu padbhyāṁ sā garuḍena balīyasā ,
abhajyata taroḥ śākhā bhagnāṁ caināmadhārayat.

1. sūtaḥ uvāca spṛṣṭamātrā tu padbhyām sā garuḍena balīyasā
abhajyata taroḥ śākhā bhagnām ca enām adhārayat

1. Sūta said: No sooner was that branch of the tree touched by the mighty Garuḍa's feet than it broke. And he held onto that broken (branch).

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Suta (the narrator) (charioteer, bard, Suta)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said)

• स्पृष्टमात्रा (spṛṣṭamātrā) - no sooner was (it) touched (merely touched, as soon as touched)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - by (his) feet (by the feet (dual))

• सा (sā) - that (branch) (she, that (feminine nominative))

• गरुडेन (garuḍena) - by the mighty Garuda (by Garuda)

• बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the mighty (by the more powerful, by the stronger (instrumental singular))

• अभज्यत (abhajyata) - it broke (it was broken)

• तरोः (taroḥ) - of the tree

• शाखा (śākhā) - the branch (branch)

• भग्नाम् (bhagnām) - the broken (branch) (broken (accusative feminine))

• च (ca) - and

• एनाम् (enām) - that (broken branch) (her, this (accusative feminine))

• अधारयत् (adhārayat) - he held onto (he held, he supported)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Suta (the narrator) (charioteer, bard, Suta)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, a class of mixed caste, Suta

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense (lit)

Reduplicated past tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb for Suta.

स्पृष्टमात्रा (spṛṣṭamātrā) - no sooner was (it) touched (merely touched, as soon as touched)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of spṛṣṭamātra

spṛṣṭamātra - just touched, merely touched

Compound of `spṛṣṭa` (touched, past participle of √spṛś) + `mātra` (only, merely).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (spṛṣṭa+mātra)

• spṛṣṭa – touched
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  From root √spṛś (to touch) + kta suffix.
  Root: spṛś (class 6)
• mātra – only, merely, as soon as
  indeclinable/suffix (neuter)
  Suffix indicating 'only' or 'mere extent'.

Note: Modifies `śākhā`.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasizes the suddenness of the event.

पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - by (his) feet (by the feet (dual))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of pad

pad - foot

Stem `pāda` for singular forms, `pad` for dual/plural.

Note: Agent of `spṛṣṭamātrā`.

सा (sā) - that (branch) (she, that (feminine nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Nominative subject.

गरुडेन (garuḍena) - by the mighty Garuda (by Garuda)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of garuḍa

garuḍa - Garuda (mythical bird, vehicle of Vishnu)

Proper noun.

Note: Agent of `spṛṣṭamātrā`.

बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the mighty (by the more powerful, by the stronger (instrumental singular))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balīyas

balīyas - stronger, mightier, more powerful

comparative suffix (`-īyas`)

From `bala` (strength) + `īyasun` suffix.

Note: Modifies `garuḍena`.

अभज्यत (abhajyata) - it broke (it was broken)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhañj

imperfect tense (laṅ), passive voice

Imperfect of √bhañj, passive.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

तरोः (taroḥ) - of the tree

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of taru

taru - tree

Note: Possessive, modifies `śākhā`.

शाखा (śākhā) - the branch (branch)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śākhā

śākhā - branch, bough, arm

भग्नाम् (bhagnām) - the broken (branch) (broken (accusative feminine))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered

past participle

From root √bhañj (to break) + kta suffix.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Modifies `enām`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two clauses.

एनाम् (enām) - that (broken branch) (her, this (accusative feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of enad

enad - this, her, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of `adhārayat`.

अधारयत् (adhārayat) - he held onto (he held, he supported)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhṛ

imperfect tense (laṅ), causative

Imperfect of causative `dhārayati` from √dhṛ (to hold).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause, subject is Garuda (implied).