महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-119, verse-40

वैश्यापुत्रस्तदाचष्ट पार्थानां हितकाम्यया ।
तच्चापि भुक्त्वाजरयदविकारो वृकोदरः ॥४०॥

40. vaiśyāputrastadācaṣṭa pārthānāṁ hitakāmyayā ,
taccāpi bhuktvājarayadavikāro vṛkodaraḥ.

40. vaiśyāputraḥ tadā ācaṣṭa pārthānām hitakāmyayā
tat ca api bhuktvā ajarayat avikāraḥ vṛkodaraḥ

40. Then, desiring the welfare of the Pārthas, the son of a Vaiśya woman informed them. And Vṛkodara (Bhīma), remaining completely unaffected, digested even that (poison) after consuming it.

Words meanings summery:

• वैश्यापुत्रः (vaiśyāputraḥ) - son of a Vaiśya woman, son of a merchant woman

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आचष्ट (ācaṣṭa) - he told, he narrated, he informed

• पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the Pāṇḍava brothers (sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī) (of the Pārthas)

• हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - with the desire for welfare, wishing good

• तत् (tat) - that (poison) (that, it)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, after eating

• अजरयत् (ajarayat) - he digested, he caused to digest

• अविकारः (avikāraḥ) - unaffected, without change

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhīma, having a wolf-like appetite/stomach (Vṛkodara (another name for Bhīma))

Words meanings and morphology

वैश्यापुत्रः (vaiśyāputraḥ) - son of a Vaiśya woman, son of a merchant woman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśyāputra

vaiśyāputra - son of a Vaiśyā (a woman of the merchant class)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vaiśyā+putra)

• vaiśyā – a woman of the Vaiśya (merchant) class
  noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'ācaṣṭa'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) + '-dā' (temporal suffix).

आचष्ट (ācaṣṭa) - he told, he narrated, he informed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past (Luṅ) of ācaṣṭe

Derived from root 'cakṣ' (to see, to tell) with prefix 'ā' (towards, fully). Aorist or imperfect of middle voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'vaiśyāputraḥ'.

पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the Pāṇḍava brothers (sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī) (of the Pārthas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a Pāṇḍava prince

Derived from 'Pṛthā' (name of Kuntī) + 'aṇ' (patronymic suffix).

हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - with the desire for welfare, wishing good

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmyā

hitakāmyā - desire for welfare, wishing good, benevolence

Derived from 'hita' (welfare) + 'kāmyā' (desire).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (hita+kāmyā)

• hita – beneficial, welfare, good
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhā' (to place) with implied prefix 'ā' and passive participle suffix 'kta'.
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmyā – desire, wish
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'kam' (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose/reason.

तत् (tat) - that (poison) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Object of 'ajarayat'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Here, it emphasizes 'even that'.

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, after eating

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'bhuj' (to eat, enjoy) + ktvā (absolutive suffix).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

अजरयत् (ajarayat) - he digested, he caused to digest

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of jaraya

Causative

Derived from root 'jṝ' (to waste, digest, grow old) + causative suffix 'ṇic'.

Root: jṝ (class 9)

Note: Subject is Vṛkodara.

अविकारः (avikāraḥ) - unaffected, without change

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avikāra

avikāra - without change, unaltered, unaffected

Compound with negative prefix 'a-'.

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+vikāra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vikāra – change, alteration, disturbance, affection
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to make) with prefix 'vi' (apart).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'vṛkodaraḥ'.

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhīma, having a wolf-like appetite/stomach (Vṛkodara (another name for Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied, having a wolf-like stomach (hence, voracious appetite); a name for Bhīma

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach, womb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'ajarayat'.