महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-119, verse-12

ताः सुघोरं तपः कृत्वा देव्यो भरतसत्तम ।
देहं त्यक्त्वा महाराज गतिमिष्टां ययुस्तदा ॥१२॥

12. tāḥ sughoraṁ tapaḥ kṛtvā devyo bharatasattama ,
dehaṁ tyaktvā mahārāja gatimiṣṭāṁ yayustadā.

12. tāḥ su-ghoram tapaḥ kṛtvā devyaḥ bharata-sattama
deham tyaktvā mahā-rāja gatim iṣṭām yayuḥ tadā

12. O best of Bhāratas, O great king, those goddesses, having performed extremely severe austerities (tapas) and having abandoned their bodies, then attained their desired destination.

Words meanings summery:

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (feminine plural)

• सु-घोरम् (su-ghoram) - extremely terrible, very severe

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• देव्यः (devyaḥ) - Satyavatī, Ambikā, and Ambālikā (goddesses, divine women)

• भरत-सत्तम (bharata-sattama) - O best of Bhāratas

• देहम् (deham) - body

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having forsaken

• महा-राज (mahā-rāja) - O great king

• गतिम् (gatim) - destination, state, course

• इष्टाम् (iṣṭām) - desired, wished for, beloved

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went, they attained

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

ताः (tāḥ) - those (feminine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the women mentioned in the previous verse (Satyavatī and her daughters-in-law).

सु-घोरम् (su-ghoram) - extremely terrible, very severe

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of su-ghora

su-ghora - very terrible, exceedingly dreadful

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+ghora)

• su – very, exceedingly, intensely
  indeclinable
• ghora – terrible, dreadful, awful
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tapaḥ'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - religious austerity, penance, heat

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

देव्यः (devyaḥ) - Satyavatī, Ambikā, and Ambālikā (goddesses, divine women)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady

Note: Refers to Satyavatī, Ambikā, and Ambālikā; elevated to 'goddesses' due to their asceticism.

भरत-सत्तम (bharata-sattama) - O best of Bhāratas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharata-sattama

bharata-sattama - best among the Bhāratas

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bharata+sattama)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good)

Note: An address to the listener.

देहम् (deham) - body

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, physical form

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having forsaken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √tyaj (to abandon) + suffix -tvā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

महा-राज (mahā-rāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahā-rāja

mahā-rāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: An address to the listener.

गतिम् (gatim) - destination, state, course

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, destination, state

From root √gam (to go) + suffix -ti

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'yayuḥ'.

इष्टाम् (iṣṭām) - desired, wished for, beloved

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished, sacred, worshipped

Past Passive Participle

From root √iṣ (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'gatim'.

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went, they attained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā

perfect tense

From root √yā (to go), 3rd person plural perfect active

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'tāḥ devyaḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)