महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-119, verse-5

श्राद्धावसाने तु तदा दृष्ट्वा तं दुःखितं जनम् ।
संमूढां दुःखशोकार्तां व्यासो मातरमब्रवीत् ॥५॥

5. śrāddhāvasāne tu tadā dṛṣṭvā taṁ duḥkhitaṁ janam ,
saṁmūḍhāṁ duḥkhaśokārtāṁ vyāso mātaramabravīt.

5. śrāddhāvasāne tu tadā dṛṣṭvā tam duḥkhitam janam
| sammūḍhām duḥkhaśokārtām vyāsaḥ mātaram abravīt

5. Then, at the conclusion of the ancestral offering (śrāddha), Vyāsa, seeing those distressed people and his mother (Satyavatī) bewildered and overwhelmed by sorrow and grief, spoke to her.

Words meanings summery:

• श्राद्धावसाने (śrāddhāvasāne) - at the end of the śrāddha, at the conclusion of the ancestral offering

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, and

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• तम् (tam) - that distressed person/people (that (masculine singular))

• दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - the people (janam) who were distressed (distressed, sorrowful, grieved)

• जनम् (janam) - people, person, mankind

• सम्मूढाम् (sammūḍhām) - his mother (Satyavatī) who was bewildered (bewildered, confused, infatuated)

• दुःखशोकार्ताम् (duḥkhaśokārtām) - his mother (Satyavatī) who was afflicted by sorrow and grief (afflicted by sorrow and grief)

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (a revered sage, compiler of the Vedas and author of the Mahābhārata)

• मातरम् (mātaram) - Satyavatī, Vyāsa's mother (mother)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

श्राद्धावसाने (śrāddhāvasāne) - at the end of the śrāddha, at the conclusion of the ancestral offering

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śrāddhāvasāna

śrāddhāvasāna - end of the śrāddha ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrāddha+avasāna)

• śrāddha – ancestral offering, oblation to the dead
  noun (neuter)
• avasāna – end, termination, conclusion
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √so (to finish) with prefix ava-.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: so (class 4)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, and

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed from root √dṛś with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that distressed person/people (that (masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - the people (janam) who were distressed (distressed, sorrowful, grieved)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, afflicted, sorrowful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √duḥkh (to suffer, grieve) or from noun duḥkha with suffix -ita.

Root: duḥkh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with janam.

जनम् (janam) - people, person, mankind

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

सम्मूढाम् (sammūḍhām) - his mother (Satyavatī) who was bewildered (bewildered, confused, infatuated)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sammūḍha

sammūḍha - bewildered, confused, deluded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √muh (to be confused, deluded) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with mātaram.

दुःखशोकार्ताम् (duḥkhaśokārtām) - his mother (Satyavatī) who was afflicted by sorrow and grief (afflicted by sorrow and grief)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duḥkhaśokārta

duḥkhaśokārta - afflicted by sorrow and grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkhaśoka+ārta)

• duḥkhaśoka – sorrow and grief
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mātaram.

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (a revered sage, compiler of the Vedas and author of the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a celebrated sage)

मातरम् (mātaram) - Satyavatī, Vyāsa's mother (mother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abravīt

Imperfect active, 3rd person singular of √bru.

Root: bru (class 2)