महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-113, verse-3

अथ त्विमं प्रवक्ष्यामि धर्मं त्वेतं निबोध मे ।
पुराणमृषिभिर्दृष्टं धर्मविद्भिर्महात्मभिः ॥३॥

3. atha tvimaṁ pravakṣyāmi dharmaṁ tvetaṁ nibodha me ,
purāṇamṛṣibhirdṛṣṭaṁ dharmavidbhirmahātmabhiḥ.

3. atha tu imam pravakṣyāmi dharmam tu etam nibodha me
purāṇam ṛṣibhiḥ dṛṣṭam dharmavidbhiḥ mahātmabhiḥ

3. Now, I will declare this (dharma) to you; indeed, understand this ancient (dharma) from me, which has been observed by sages, by those who know (dharma), and by great souls.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• इमम् (imam) - this

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will declare, I will tell

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), constitution, righteousness

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• एतम् (etam) - this

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, perceive

• मे (me) - from me, for me, to me

• पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient, old, traditional

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, by seers

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen, observed, perceived

• धर्मविद्भिः (dharmavidbhiḥ) - by those who know (dharma), by experts in natural law

• महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls, by noble-minded ones

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will declare, I will tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future (Lṛṭ) tense, active voice, 1st person singular

Root vac (class 2) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), constitution, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion, custom

From root dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

एतम् (etam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, that

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of budh

Imperative (Loṭ) tense, active voice, 2nd person singular

From root budh (class 1, also class 9) with upasarga ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - from me, for me, to me

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me

पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient, old, traditional

(adjective)

neuter, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, former, traditional, a class of religious texts

From purā (formerly).

Note: Modifies 'dharma' implicitly.

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, by seers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - seer, sage, inspired poet, Vedic singer

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen, observed, perceived

(adjective)

neuter, singular of dṛś

dṛś - to see, to perceive, to observe

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś (class 1) with suffix -ta.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'dharma' implicitly.

धर्मविद्भिः (dharmavidbhiḥ) - by those who know (dharma), by experts in natural law

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dharmavid

dharmavid - knowing (dharma), familiar with (dharma), skilled in (dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vid)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knowing, one who knows, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  From root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls, by noble-minded ones

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, spirit
  noun (masculine)