महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-113, verse-21

सौदासेन च रम्भोरु नियुक्तापत्यजन्मनि ।
मदयन्ती जगामर्षिं वसिष्ठमिति नः श्रुतम् ॥२१॥

21. saudāsena ca rambhoru niyuktāpatyajanmani ,
madayantī jagāmarṣiṁ vasiṣṭhamiti naḥ śrutam.

21. saudāsena ca rambhoru niyuktā apatyajanmani
madayantī jagāma ṛṣim vasiṣṭham iti naḥ śrutam

21. And, O lady with beautiful thighs, it is heard by us that Madayantī, having been appointed by Saudāsa for the birth of an heir, went to the sage Vasiṣṭha.

Words meanings summery:

• सौदासेन (saudāsena) - by Saudāsa

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• रम्भोरु (rambhoru) - O lady with beautiful thighs

• नियुक्ता (niyuktā) - having been appointed (appointed, instructed, engaged)

• अपत्यजन्मनि (apatyajanmani) - for the birth of an heir (in the birth of offspring, for the purpose of procreation)

• मदयन्ती (madayantī) - Madayantī (Madayantī (proper name))

• जगाम (jagāma) - went

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - to the sage (sage, seer)

• वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - Vasiṣṭha

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so)

• नः (naḥ) - by us (by us, to us, for us)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it is heard (heard, listened, revealed)

Words meanings and morphology

सौदासेन (saudāsena) - by Saudāsa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saudāsa

saudāsa - Saudāsa (proper name, son of Sudāsa)

Patronymic.

Note: Agent of niyuktā.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

रम्भोरु (rambhoru) - O lady with beautiful thighs

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of rambhoru

rambhoru - having beautiful thighs, O lady with beautiful thighs

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (rambhā+ūru)

• rambhā – plantain tree, a celestial nymph, beautiful
  noun (feminine)
• ūru – thigh
  noun (masculine)

Note: An address to the listener.

नियुक्ता (niyuktā) - having been appointed (appointed, instructed, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niyukta

niyukta - appointed, engaged, commissioned, ordered, connected

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

अपत्यजन्मनि (apatyajanmani) - for the birth of an heir (in the birth of offspring, for the purpose of procreation)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of apatyajanman

apatyajanman - birth of offspring, procreation

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (apatya+janman)

• apatya – offspring, child, progeny
  noun (neuter)
• janman – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

मदयन्ती (madayantī) - Madayantī (Madayantī (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of madayantī

madayantī - Madayantī (name of a queen, wife of Saudāsa)

Present participle of root mad (to rejoice/intoxicate), here a proper name.

जगाम (jagāma) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Reduplicated perfect tense.

Root: gam (class 1)

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - to the sage (sage, seer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Object of jagāma.

वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (proper name, a celebrated Vedic sage)

Superlative of vasu (good), meaning 'best' or 'most excellent', but here a proper name.

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle.

नः (naḥ) - by us (by us, to us, for us)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmat

asmat - we, us (first person pronoun)

Enclitic form of the first person plural pronoun.

Note: Here, functions as the agent in a passive construction: 'by us it was heard.'

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it is heard (heard, listened, revealed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, traditional knowledge, revelation

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru (to hear) with kta suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Predicate of the passive construction.